Overcoming the central planner approach - Bilevel optimization of the European energy transition.

The energy transition is a multinational challenge to mitigate climate change, with a joint reduction target for greenhouse gas emissions. Simultaneously, each country is interested in minimizing its own energy supply cost. Still, most energy system models neglect national interests when identifying cost-optimal transition pathways.

Prescription opioids are commonly unused after ambulatory head and neck surgeries: Opioids prescription presence and size has no effect on patient satisfaction with pain control.

Purpose: To explore the opioid prescribing practices after common ambulatory head and neck surgeries in a large academic institution; and to examine the association between opioid prescription and the patient's satisfaction with pain control.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study conducted in a tertiary academic medical center. Phone interviews of patients who underwent ambulatory head and neck surgeries one month after their procedures were conducted.

Quantifying the Vasculogenic Potential of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Endothelial Progenitors in Collagen Hydrogels.

Our work reinforces the role of extracellular matrix (ECM) density and matrix metalloprotease activity on the formation of microvasculature from induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived vascular cells. The cell-matrix interactions discussed in this study underscore the importance of understanding the role of mechanoregulation and matrix degradation on vasculogenesis and can potentially drive the development of ECM-mimicking angiogenic biomaterials. Furthermore, our work has broader implications concerning the response of iPSC-derived cells to the mechanics of engineered microenvironments.

Fucoidan upregulates TLR4/CHOP-mediated caspase-3 and PARP activation to enhance cisplatin-induced cytotoxicity in human lung cancer cells.

Cisplatin-based therapy is a traditional, clinical treatment for cancers, including lung cancer. In this study, we found that sequential therapy, i.e.

Treatment intensification with stepwise addition of prandial insulin aspart boluses compared with full basal-bolus therapy (FullSTEP Study): a randomised, treat-to-target clinical trial.

Background: We compared stepwise addition of bolus insulin with a full basal-bolus regimen in patients with type 2 diabetes inadequately controlled on basal insulin plus oral antidiabetic drugs.

Methods: The FullSTEP study was a phase 4, 32-week, randomised, open-label, two-arm, parallel-group, multinational, treat-to-target, non-inferiority trial done at 150 sites across seven countries to assess the effectiveness of a stepwise dosing approach versus a basal-bolus regimen. In this trial, 401 patients (mean age 59·8 years [SD 9·3]; HbA1c 7·9% [63 mmol/mol]; mean diabetes duration 12·6 years [SD 8·0]) were block randomised (ratio 1:1) to receive either stepwise treatment or full basal-bolus treatment.

Anemia is an independent risk for mortality after acute myocardial infarction in patients with and without diabetes.

Introduction: Anemia and diabetes are risk factors for short-term mortality following an acute myocardial infarction(AMI). Anemia is more prevalent in patients with diabetes. We performed a retrospective study to assess the impact of the combination of diabetes and anemia on post-myocardial infarction outcomes.