Combined assembloid modeling and 3D whole-organ mapping captures the microanatomy and function of the human fallopian tube.

The fallopian tubes play key roles in processes from pregnancy to ovarian cancer where three-dimensional (3D) cellular and extracellular interactions are important to their pathophysiology. Here, we develop a 3D multicompartment assembloid model of the fallopian tube that molecularly, functionally, and architecturally resembles the organ. Global label-free proteomics, innovative assays capturing physiological functions of the fallopian tube (i.

A 3D in vitro assay to study combined immune cell infiltration and cytotoxicity.

Immune cell-mediated killing of cancer cells in a solid tumor is prefaced by a multi-step infiltration cascade of invasion, directed migration, and cytotoxic activities. In particular, immune cells must invade and migrate through a series of different extracellular matrix (ECM) boundaries and domains before reaching and killing their target tumor cells. These infiltration events are a central challenge to the clinical success of CAR T cells against solid tumors.

Precision-engineered biomimetics: the human fallopian tube.

Unlabelled: The fallopian tube has an essential role in several physiological and pathological processes from pregnancy to ovarian cancer. However, there are no biologically relevant models to study its pathophysiology. The state-of-the-art organoid model has been compared to two-dimensional tissue sections and molecularly assessed providing only cursory analyses of the model's accuracy.

Association Between Centralization and Outcome for Children Admitted to Intensive Care in Australia and New Zealand: A Population-Based Cohort Study.

Objectives: To describe regional differences and change over time in the degree of centralization of pediatric intensive care in Australia and New Zealand (ANZ) and to compare the characteristics and ICU mortality of children admitted to specialist PICUs and general ICUs (GICUs).

Design: A retrospective cohort study using registry data for two epochs of ICU admissions, 2003-2005 and 2016-2018.

Setting: Population-based study in ANZ.

Factors associated with admission of children to an intensive care unit and readmission to hospital within 28 days of discharge: A population-based study.

Aim: Hospital readmissions within 28 days are an important performance measurement of quality and safety of health care. The aims of this study were to examine the rates, trends and characteristics of paediatric intensive care unit admissions, and factors associated with readmissions to hospital within 28 days of discharge.

Methods: This retrospective, population-based record linkage study included all children ≥28 days and <16 years old admitted to an intensive care unit (ICU) in a New South Wales (NSW) public hospital from 2004 to 2013.

The Effect of Imputation of PaO2/FIO2 From SpO2/FIO2 on the Performance of the Pediatric Index of Mortality 3.

Objectives: To investigate if the performance of Pediatric Index of Mortality 3 is improved by including imputed values for the PaO2/FIO2 ratio where measurements of PaO2 or FIO2 are missing.

Design: A prospective observational study.

Setting: A bi-national pediatric intensive care registry.

Humidified high-flow nasal cannula oxygen in bronchiolitis reduces need for invasive ventilation but not intensive care admission.

Aim: To describe the changes to paediatric intensive care unit (PICU) admission patterns and ventilation requirements for children with bronchiolitis following the introduction of humidified high-flow nasal cannula oxygen outside the PICU.

Methods: Retrospective study comparing patients <24 months of age with a discharge diagnosis of bronchiolitis admitted to the PICU. A comparison was made between those before humidified high-flow nasal cannula oxygen use (year 2008) to those immediately following the introduction of humidified high-flow nasal cannula oxygen use (year 2011) and those following further consolidation of humidified high-flow nasal cannula oxygen use outside the PICU (year 2013).

Contribution of hydrogen bonds to protein stability.

Our goal was to gain a better understanding of the contribution of the burial of polar groups and their hydrogen bonds to the conformational stability of proteins. We measured the change in stability, Δ(ΔG), for a series of hydrogen bonding mutants in four proteins: villin headpiece subdomain (VHP) containing 36 residues, a surface protein from Borrelia burgdorferi (VlsE) containing 341 residues, and two proteins previously studied in our laboratory, ribonucleases Sa (RNase Sa) and T1 (RNase T1). Crystal structures were determined for three of the hydrogen bonding mutants of RNase Sa: S24A, Y51F, and T95A.

The capability of static and dynamic features to distinguish competent from genuinely expert practitioners in pediatric diagnosis.

Objective: The authors describe the development of a new, more objective method of distinguishing experienced competent nonexpert from expert practitioners within pediatric intensive care.

Background: Expert performance involves the acquisition and use of refined feature-event associations (cues) in the operational environment. Competent non-experts, although experienced, possess rudimentary cue associations in memory.

Ventilator-associated pneumonia in a tertiary paediatric intensive care unit: a 1-year prospective observational study.

Objectives: To determine the incidence, risk factors and impact of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) in a mixed tertiary paediatric intensive care unit.

Design: Prospective observational study.

Methods: Patients in the intensive care unit who were mechanically ventilated for more than 48 hours were assessed daily, according to criteria for a diagnosis of VAP.

Traumatic bleeding at birth treated with Factor VII.

We report 36 week gestation twins born following a traumatic delivery. Twin 2 had profuse haemorrhage where haemostasis was achieved with recombinant Factor VIIa (rFVIIa - NovoSeven;Novo Nordisk A/S, Bagsvaerd, Denmark).

Peri-operative management of paediatric patients undergoing cardiac surgery--focus on respiratory aspects of care.

Children requiring cardiac surgery present particular challenges in peri-operative respiratory management. The wide variety of conditions and operations and their varied impact on respiratory function makes dialogue with related medical staff essential. In most circumstances, cardiac performance is the main determinant of respiratory outcomes.

Hydrogen bonding increases packing density in the protein interior.

The contribution of hydrogen bonds and the burial of polar groups to protein stability is a controversial subject. Theoretical studies suggest that burying polar groups in the protein interior makes an unfavorable contribution to the stability, but experimental studies show that burying polar groups, especially those that are hydrogen bonded, contributes favorably to protein stability. Understanding the factors that are not properly accounted for by the theoretical models would improve the models so that they more accurately describe experimental results.

Recombinant activated factor VII in paediatric cardiac surgery.

Objective: To review the use of recombinant activated factor VII in paediatric cardiac surgery.

Design: Retrospective chart review.

Setting: Paediatric intensive care unit in a stand-alone university-affiliated children's hospital.

Quality of life of survivors of pediatric intensive care.

Objective: Measuring outcome in pediatric intensive care is necessary to equate the high cost of treatment with benefits to the patient. Although mortality rates and morbidity are relatively insensitive measures of the benefits of treatment, quality of life measurement gives insight into the long-term outcomes. The aim of this study was to investigate the long-term quality of life outcome of children admitted to a pediatric intensive care unit.

pK values of histidine residues in ribonuclease Sa: effect of salt and net charge.

The primary goal of this study was to gain a better understanding of the effect of environment and ionic strength on the pK values of histidine residues in proteins. The salt-dependence of pK values for two histidine residues in ribonuclease Sa (RNase Sa) (pI=3.5) and a variant in which five acidic amino acids have been changed to lysine (5K) (pI=10.

Charge-charge interactions are key determinants of the pK values of ionizable groups in ribonuclease Sa (pI=3.5) and a basic variant (pI=10.2).

The pK values of the titratable groups in ribonuclease Sa (RNase Sa) (pI=3.5), and a charge-reversed variant with five carboxyl to lysine substitutions, 5K RNase Sa (pI=10.2), have been determined by NMR at 20 degrees C in 0.