Emergency and non-emergency routes to cancer diagnoses in 2020 and 2021: A Population-based study of 154,863 patients.

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted normal pathways to cancer diagnosis, particularly for screening and non-acute symptomatic patients. While reductions in overall cancer diagnoses have been reported elsewhere, any differential effects on emergency presentations, which are associated with poorer outcomes, have not been described.

Material And Methods: Cross-sectional descriptive study from 2015 to 2021, based on International Cancer Benchmarking Partnership methods, where emergency route to diagnosis is defined as presenting as an emergency admission in the 30 days prior to cancer incidence date.

Use of radiotherapy in patients with oesophageal, stomach, colon, rectal, liver, pancreatic, lung, and ovarian cancer: an International Cancer Benchmarking Partnership (ICBP) population-based study.

Background: There is little evidence on variation in radiotherapy use in different countries, although it is a key treatment modality for some patients with cancer. Here we aimed to examine such variation.

Methods: This population-based study used data from Norway, the four UK nations (England, Northern Ireland, Scotland, and Wales), nine Canadian provinces (Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, New Brunswick, Newfoundland and Labrador, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Prince Edward Island, and Saskatchewan), and two Australian states (New South Wales and Victoria).

Co-occurring homelessness, justice involvement, opioid dependence and psychosis: a cross-sectoral data linkage study.

Background: Administrative data offer unique opportunities for researching experiences which pose barriers to participation in primary research and household surveys. Experiencing multiple social disadvantages is associated with very poor health outcomes, but little is known about how often this occurs and what combinations are most common. We linked administrative data across public services to create a novel population cohort containing information on experiences of homelessness, justice involvement, opioid dependence and psychosis.

Shifting incidence and survival of epithelial ovarian cancer (1995-2014): A SurvMark-2 study.

The aim of the study is to provide a comprehensive assessment of incidence and survival trends of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) by histological subtype across seven high income countries (Australia, Canada, Denmark, Ireland, New Zealand, Norway and the United Kingdom). Data on invasive EOC diagnosed in women aged 15 to 99 years during 1995 to 2014 were obtained from 20 cancer registries. Age standardized incidence rates and average annual percentage change were calculated by subtype for all ages and age groups (15-64 and 65-99 years).

Survival after breast cancer in women with a subsequent live birth: Influence of age at diagnosis and interval to subsequent pregnancy.

Background: There remains a considerable concern among both patients and oncologists that having a live birth (LB) after breast cancer might adversely impact survival.

Methods: analysis of survival in a national cohort of women with breast cancer diagnosed at age 20-39 years between 1981 and 2017 (n = 5181), and subsequent LB using Scottish Cancer Registry and national maternity records. Cases had at least one subsequent LB, each was matched with up to six unexposed cases without subsequent LB, accounting for guaranteed time bias.

Family size and duration of fertility in female cancer survivors: a population-based analysis.

Objective: To assess family size and timescale for achieving pregnancy in women who remain fertile after cancer.

Design: Population-based analysis.

Setting: National databases.

Comorbidity and survival after admission to the intensive care unit: A population-based study of 41,230 patients.

Purpose: To describe the relationship between comorbidities and survival following admission to the intensive care unit.

Methods: Retrospective observational study using several linked routinely collected databases from 16 general intensive care units between 2002 and 2011. Comorbidities identified from hospitalisation in the five years prior to intensive care unit admission.

Association Between Anesthetic Dose and Technique and Oncologic Outcomes After Surgical Resection of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.

Objectives: Because of the biologic effects of volatile anesthetics on the immune system and cancer cells, it has been hypothesized that their use during non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) surgery may negatively affect cancer outcomes compared with total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA) with propofol. The present study evaluated the relationship between anesthetic technique and dose and oncologic outcome in NSCLC surgery.

Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Recovering cancer screening in the pandemic: strategies and their impacts.

The coronavirus pandemic has disrupted cancer screening programmes. Kregting and colleagues' microsimulation models indicate that attempting to quickly catch up with missed screens while simultaneously restarting the ongoing programme would achieve better outcomes but require substantial increases in normal screening capacity that may not be feasible.

Cervical cancer incidence by ethnic group in Scotland from 2008 to 2017: A population-based study.

Background: There is limited information on cervical cancer incidence among different ethnic groups. This study used a name classification system to describe recent patterns of cervical cancer by ethnic group in Scotland.

Methods: Data on incident cases of cancer of the cervix and carcinoma in situ diagnosed in Scotland from 2008 to 2017 were extracted from the Scottish Cancer Registry.

Factors associated with intensive care admission in patients with lung cancer: a population-based observational study of 26, 731 patients.

Background: Lung cancer is the most common cause of cancer related death worldwide and survival is poor. Patients with lung cancer may develop a critical illness, but it is unclear what features are associated with an Intensive Care Unit (ICU) admission.

Methods: This retrospective, observational, population-based study of linked cancer registration, ICU, hospital discharge and mortality data described the factors associated with ICU admission in patients with lung cancer.

Progress in cancer survival, mortality, and incidence in seven high-income countries 1995-2014 (ICBP SURVMARK-2): a population-based study.

Background: Population-based cancer survival estimates provide valuable insights into the effectiveness of cancer services and can reflect the prospects of cure. As part of the second phase of the International Cancer Benchmarking Partnership (ICBP), the Cancer Survival in High-Income Countries (SURVMARK-2) project aims to provide a comprehensive overview of cancer survival across seven high-income countries and a comparative assessment of corresponding incidence and mortality trends.

Methods: In this longitudinal, population-based study, we collected patient-level data on 3·9 million patients with cancer from population-based cancer registries in 21 jurisdictions in seven countries (Australia, Canada, Denmark, Ireland, New Zealand, Norway, and the UK) for seven sites of cancer (oesophagus, stomach, colon, rectum, pancreas, lung, and ovary) diagnosed between 1995 and 2014, and followed up until Dec 31, 2015.

Changes in colorectal cancer incidence in seven high-income countries: a population-based study.

Background: The overall incidence of colorectal cancer is decreasing in many high-income countries, yet analyses in the USA and other high-income countries such as Australia, Canada, and Norway have suggested increasing incidences among adults younger than 50 years. We aimed to examine longitudinal and generational changes in the incidence of colon and rectal cancer in seven high-income countries.

Methods: We obtained data for the incidence of colon and rectal cancer from 21 population-based cancer registries in Australia, Canada, Denmark, Norway, New Zealand, Ireland, and the UK for the earliest available year until 2014.

Insomnia in breast cancer: a prospective observational study.

Study Objectives: Insomnia in cancer patients is prevalent, persistent, and confers risk for physical and psychological disorder. We must better understand how insomnia develops in cancer patients and explore the main contributors to its chronicity so that insomnia management protocols can be integrated more effectively within cancer care. This study monitors the etiology of insomnia in breast cancer patients and identifies risk factors for its persistence.

Characteristics and Outcomes of Surgical Patients With Solid Cancers Admitted to the Intensive Care Unit.

Importance: Within the surgical population admitted to intensive care units (ICUs), cancer is a common condition. However, clinicians can be reluctant to admit patients with cancer to ICUs owing to concerns about survival.

Objective: To compare the clinical characteristics and outcomes of surgical patients with and without cancer who are admitted to ICUs.

Cancers of unknown primary diagnosed during hospitalization: a population-based study.

Background: Cancers of Unknown Primary (CUP) are the 3-4 most common causes of cancer death and recent clinical guidelines recommend that patients should be directed to a team dedicated to their care. Our aim was to inform the care of patients diagnosed with CUP during hospital admission.

Methods: Descriptive study using hospital admissions (Scottish Morbidity Record 01) linked to cancer registrations (ICD-10 C77-80) and death records from 1998 to 2011 in West of Scotland, UK (population 2.

Risk of Critical Illness Among Patients With Solid Cancers: A Population-Based Observational Study.

Importance: Critical illness may be a potential determinant of cancer outcomes and geographic variations, but its role has not been described before.

Objective: To determine the incidence of admission to intensive care units (ICUs) within 2 years following cancer diagnosis.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This was a retrospective observational study using cancer registry data in 4 datasets from 2000 to 2009 with linked ICU admission data from 2000 to 2011, in the West of Scotland region of the United Kingdom (population, 2.

Acetaminophen use and risk of myocardial infarction and stroke in a hypertensive cohort.

Recent data suggest that self-reported acetaminophen use is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular events and that acetaminophen causes a modest blood pressure rise. There are no randomized trials or studies using verified prescription data of this relationship. We aimed to assess the relationship between verified acetaminophen prescription data and risk of myocardial infarction or stroke in patients with hypertension.

Systemic inflammation predicts all-cause mortality: a glasgow inflammation outcome study.

Introduction: Markers of the systemic inflammatory response, including C-reactive protein and albumin (combined to form the modified Glasgow Prognostic Score), as well as neutrophil, lymphocyte and platelet counts have been shown to be prognostic of survival in patients with cancer. The aim of the present study was to examine the prognostic relationship between these markers of the systemic inflammatory response and all-cause, cancer, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular mortality in a large incidentally sampled cohort.

Methods: Patients (n = 160 481) who had an incidental blood sample taken between 2000 and 2008 were studied for the prognostic value of C-reactive protein (>10mg/l, albumin (>35mg/l), neutrophil (>7.

The impact of comorbidity upon determinants of outcome in patients with lung cancer.

Background: Survival from lung cancer remains poor in Scotland, UK. It is believed that comorbidity may play an important role in this. The goal of this study was to determine the value of a novel comorbidity scoring system (SCSS) and to compare it with the already established Charlson Comorbidity Index and the modified Glasgow Prognostic Score (mGPS).

Validation of a modified clinical risk score to predict cancer-specific survival for stage II colon cancer.

Many patients with stage II colon cancer will die of their disease despite curative surgery. Therefore, identification of patients at high risk of poor outcome after surgery for stage II colon cancer is desirable. This study aims to validate a clinical risk score to predict cancer-specific survival in patients undergoing surgery for stage II colon cancer.

The impact of surgical specialisation on survival following elective colon cancer surgery.

Purpose: Reorganisation of cancer services in the UK and across Europe has led to elective surgery for colon cancer being increasingly, but not exclusively, delivered by specialist colorectal surgeons. This study examines survival after elective colon cancer surgery performed by specialist compared to non-specialist surgeons.

Method: Patients undergoing elective surgery for colon cancer in 16 hospitals between 2001 and 2004 were identified from a prospectively maintained regional audit database.

Second primary cancer risk - the impact of applying different definitions of multiple primaries: results from a retrospective population-based cancer registry study.

Background: There is evidence that cancer survivors are at increased risk of second primary cancers. Changes in the prevalence of risk factors and diagnostic techniques may have affected more recent risks.

Methods: We examined the incidence of second primary cancer among adults in the West of Scotland, UK, diagnosed with cancer between 2000 and 2004 (n = 57,393).