Weakly supervised large-scale pancreatic cancer detection using multi-instance learning.

Introduction: Early detection of pancreatic cancer continues to be a challenge due to the difficulty in accurately identifying specific signs or symptoms that might correlate with the onset of pancreatic cancer. Unlike breast or colon or prostate cancer where screening tests are often useful in identifying cancerous development, there are no tests to diagnose pancreatic cancers. As a result, most pancreatic cancers are diagnosed at an advanced stage, where treatment options, whether systemic therapy, radiation, or surgical interventions, offer limited efficacy.

Local resection versus radical surgery for parathyroid carcinoma: A National Cancer Database analysis.

Introduction: Parathyroid carcinoma (PC) is rare and often diagnosed incidentally after local resection (LR) for other indications. Although recommended treatment has traditionally been radical surgery (RS), more recent guidelines suggest that LR alone may be adequate. We sought to further investigate outcomes of RS versus LR for localized PC.

Factors associated with influenza vaccination coverage among the elderly in South Korea: the Fourth Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES IV).

Objective: The annual outbreak of influenza is one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality among the elderly population around the world. While there is an annual vaccine available to prevent or reduce the incidence of disease, not all older people in Korea choose to be vaccinated. There have been few previous studies to examine the factors influencing influenza vaccination in Korea.

Assessment of vascular endothelial growth factor in formalin fixed, paraffin embedded colon cancer specimens by means of a well-based reverse phase protein array.

Background: Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a critical pro-angiogenic factor, found in a number of cancers, and a target of therapy. It is typically assessed by immunohistochemistry (IHC) in clinical research. However, IHC is not a quantitative assay and is rarely reproducible.

Safe introduction of a new surgical technique: remote telementoring for posterior retroperitoneoscopic adrenalectomy.

Background: Posterior retroperitoneoscopic adrenalectomy (PRA) is a safe and effective approach to adrenalectomy, offering less pain and faster recovery than open or laparoscopic surgery. Although the popularity of PRA is increasing, few surgical centres have extensive experience with the procedure. The ideal approach to achieve proficiency with any new technique involves on-site observation of an experienced surgeon-mentor, followed by mentored hands-on experience of the surgeon-learner.

Direct transcriptional regulation of Six6 is controlled by SoxB1 binding to a remote forebrain enhancer.

Six6, a sine oculis homeobox protein, plays a crucial and conserved role in the development of the forebrain and eye. To understand how the expression of Six6 is regulated during embryogenesis, we screened ~250 kb of genomic DNA encompassing the Six6 locus for cis-regulatory elements capable of directing reporter gene expression to sites of Six6 transcription in transgenic mouse embryos. Here, we describe two novel enhancer elements, that are highly conserved in vertebrate species and whose activities recapitulate Six6 expression in the ventral forebrain and eye, respectively.

The role of minimally invasive surgery and outcomes in colorectal cancer.

For some time now, there has been significant interest in understanding and defining the role of minimally invasive surgery in colorectal cancer. Laparoscopic surgery has been shown to have similar or better outcomes compared with open surgery. Recently, prospective randomized trials have demonstrated oncologic outcomes of laparoscopic colon surgery equivalent to those for open surgery.

Sonography for determining the optic nerve sheath diameter with increasing intracranial pressure in a porcine model.

Objectives: This study investigated whether it is feasible to use sonography to monitor changes in the optic nerve sheath diameter in a porcine model.

Methods: A fiber-optic intracranial pressure transducer was surgically placed through the frontal sinus directly into the brain parenchyma of adult Yorkshire pigs (n = 5). A second bolt was placed on the contralateral side for intraparenchymal fluid infusion.

Atrial Flutter Late After Remote Tetralogy of Fallot Repair.

This case illustrates an atypical presentation of typical atrial flutter, demonstrating the importance of always considering cavo-tricuspid isthmus dependent atrial flutter as the potential culprit.

Rare Diagnosis of a Common Supraventricular Tachycardia.

This case describes diagnostic maneuvers that will lead to an accurate diagnosis of a given A on V supraventricular tachycardia. The list of maneuvers described is not exhaustive but includes techniques to help diagnose a concealed NV/NF pathway mediated tachycardia that is in the differential diagnosis of a failed atrioventricular nodal re-entrant tachycardia ablation. The practicing electrophysiologist must be prepared to perform these maneuvers in order to ensure the safest and most focused ablation procedures.

Treatment with bone marrow-derived stromal cells accelerates wound healing in diabetic rats.

Bone marrow stem cells participate in tissue repair processes and may have a role in wound healing. Diabetes is characterised by delayed and poor wound healing. We investigated the potential of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (BMSCs) to promote healing of fascial wounds in diabetic rats.

Immunohistochemical identification of primary peritoneal serous cystadenocarcinoma mimicking advanced colorectal carcinoma: a case report.

Primary peritoneal cystadenocarcinoma is a rare tumor of similar histogenic origin as primary ovarian carcinoma. We present a case of primary peritoneal serous cystadenocarcinoma mimicking advanced colorectal cancer in a 68 yr-old African American female. Radiology, endoscopy and cytology yielded only inconclusive findings.

Successful embolization of hepatocelluar carcinoma with yttrium-90 glass microspheres prior to liver transplantation.

We report a case of a patient with end-stage liver disease secondary to hepatitis C, complicated by a large hepatocellular carcinoma. Because of the size of the tumor exceeded the Milan criteria, he was not a candidate for liver transplantation. However, after two treatments with yttrium-90 glass microsphere infusions, the tumor became smaller and the patient's alpha-fetoprotein level dropped to normal range.

Physiologic subperiosteal new bone formation: prevalence, distribution, and thickness in neonates and infants.

Objective: The objective of our study was to determine the prevalence, distribution, and thickness of physiologic subperiosteal new bone formation in neonates and infants.

Materials And Methods: High-detail postmortem skeletal radiologic surveys of 101 neonates and infants who had died from sudden infant death syndrome were reviewed. The average age at the time of death was 2.