Bronchoscopy-Guided High-Power Microwave Ablation in an in vivo Porcine Lung Model.

Introduction: Percutaneous microwave ablation (MWA) is clinically accepted for the treatment of lung tumors and oligometastatic disease. Bronchoscopic MWA is under development and evaluation in the clinical setting. We previously reported on the development of a bronchoscopy-guided MWA system integrated with clinical virtual bronchoscopy and navigation and demonstrated the feasibility of transbronchial MWA, using a maximum power of 60 W at the catheter input.

Cardiopulmonary effects of apneustic anesthesia ventilation in anesthetized pigs: a new mode of ventilation for anesthetized veterinary species.

Objective: To compare the cardiopulmonary effects of apneustic anesthesia ventilation (AAV) and conventional mechanical ventilation (CMV) in anesthetized pigs and to describe a new mode of ventilation for anesthetized veterinary species.

Study Design: Randomized, crossover design without washout.

Animals: Twelve healthy, female white Landrace pigs.

Apneustic anesthesia ventilation improves pulmonary function in anesthetized bottlenose dolphins ().

Introduction: Use of mechanical ventilation during general anesthesia is a necessary practice in the anesthetization of small cetaceans as spontaneous ventilation fails to provide adequate gas exchange. Currently available methods of ventilation do not account for the intermittent breathing strategy of representative species within this infraorder of fully aquatic mammals and may have a significant effect on cardiac and respiratory physiology.

Methods: To understand the impact of mechanical ventilation on cardiopulmonary function in one small species of cetacean, the bottlenose dolphin (), we compared controlled mechanical ventilation (CMV) to a novel ventilation method known as apneustic anesthesia ventilation (AAV).

Bronchoscopically delivered microwave ablation in an porcine lung model.

Background: Percutaneous microwave ablation is clinically used for inoperable lung tumour treatment. Delivery of microwave ablation applicators to tumour sites within lung parenchyma under virtual bronchoscopy guidance may enable ablation with reduced risk of pneumothorax, providing a minimally invasive treatment of early-stage tumours, which are increasingly detected with computed tomography (CT) screening. The objective of this study was to integrate a custom microwave ablation platform, incorporating a flexible applicator, with a clinically established virtual bronchoscopy guidance system, and to assess technical feasibility for safely creating localised thermal ablations in porcine lungs .

Effect of position on transdiaphragmatic pressure and hemodynamic variables in anesthetized horses.

Recumbency affects respiratory mechanics and oxygenation in anesthetized horses. Changes in pleural and abdominal pressures that can impair ventilation have not been described in all recumbencies. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of patient positioning on transdiaphragmatic pressure and selected hemodynamic variables.

Accuracy of oxygen delivery through bubble humidifiers and nasal catheters.

Objective: To evaluate the equipment used for nasal insufflation of oxygen and determine its accuracy.

Study Design: Original study.

Methods: Oxygen delivery assemblies consisting of a flowmeter, bubble humidifier, oxygen delivery tubing and nasal insufflation catheters were assembled.

On accuracy and precision of flowmeters used for oxygen therapy in a veterinary teaching hospital.

Objective: To determine the accuracy and precision of flowmeters used for oxygen therapy in a veterinary teaching hospital.

Study Design: An observational study.

Methods: A total of 50 flowmeters used for oxygen therapy were evaluated using Defender 530 gas flow analyzers to measure flow.

Effect of cleaning status on accuracy and precision of oxygen flowmeters of various ages.

Objective: To evaluate oxygen flowmeters for accuracy and precision, assess the effects of cleaning and assess conformity to the American Society for Testing Materials (ASTM) standards.

Study Design: Experimental study.

Methods: The flow of oxygen flowmeters from 31 anesthesia machines aged 1-45 years was measured before and after cleaning using a volumetric flow analyzer set at 0.

Effects of oxygen insufflation rate, respiratory rate, and tidal volume on fraction of inspired oxygen in cadaveric canine heads attached to a lung model.

Objective: To assess the effects of oxygen insufflation rate, respiratory rate, and tidal volume on fraction of inspired oxygen (Fio2) in cadaveric canine heads attached to a lung model.

Sample: 16 heads of canine cadavers.

Procedures: Each cadaver head was instrumented with a nasal insufflation catheter through which oxygen was delivered.

Effects of inspired oxygen concentration on ventilation, ventilatory rhythm, and gas exchange in isoflurane-anesthetized horses.

Objective: To compare the effects of 2 fractions of inspired oxygen, 50% and > 95%, on ventilation, ventilatory rhythm, and gas exchange in isoflurane-anesthetized horses.

Animals: 8 healthy adult horses.

Procedures: In a crossover study design, horses were assigned to undergo each of 2 anesthetic sessions in random order, with 1 week separating the sessions.

Effect of anesthetic breathing circuit type on thermal loss in cats during inhalation anesthesia for ovariohysterectomy.

Objective: To compare the effects of a nonrebreathing circuit versus a reduced volume circle anesthetic breathing circuit on body temperature change in cats during inhalation anesthesia for ovariohysterectomy.

Design: Randomized, controlled clinical trial.

Animals: 141 female domestic cats hospitalized for routine ovariohysterectomy.

Effects of tidal volume, ventilatory frequency, and oxygen insufflation flow on the fraction of inspired oxygen in cadaveric horse heads attached to a lung model.

Objective: To measure the effects of tidal volume, ventilatory frequency, and oxygen insufflation flow on the fraction of inspired oxygen in cadaveric horse heads attached to a lung model.

Sample: 8 heads of equine cadavers.

Procedures: Each cadaveric horse head was intubated with a nasotracheal tube that extended into the proximal portion of the trachea.

Comparison of anesthetic induction in cats by use of isoflurane in an anesthetic chamber with a conventional vapor or liquid injection technique.

Objective: To compare 2 techniques for induction of cats by use of isoflurane in an anesthetic chamber.

Design: Prospective, randomized study.

Animals: 51 healthy cats.

Comparison of isoflurane and sevoflurane for short-term anesthesia in piglets.

Objectives: To compare isoflurane (ISO) and sevoflurane (SEVO) short-term anesthesia in piglets during castration.

Study Design: Prospective, randomized study.

Animals: A total of 114 male piglets aged 6-10 days, body weight 1.

Anesthetic concentrations in enclosed chambers using an innovative delivery device.

Objective: To quantify factors influencing anesthetic concentration when an innovative anesthetic delivery device (vapor wand) was used with enclosed chambers.

Study Design: Randomized study.

Methods: Two experimental chambers (57.

Comparison of recoveries from anesthesia of horses placed on a rapidly inflating-deflating air pillow or the floor of a padded stall.

Objective: To compare recoveries from anesthesia of horses placed on a conventional padded stall floor or on a specially designed air pillow.

Design: Prospective study.

Animals: 409 horses (> 1 year old) that were anesthetized for surgical procedures during a 37-month period.

An inhaler device using liquid injection of isoflurane for short term anesthesia in piglets.

Objectives: To test a novel inhaler for administering isoflurane (ISO) anesthesia to piglets during castration and other surgical procedures of short duration.

Study Design: Prospective, randomized study. Animals Fifty-seven male piglets aged 6-10 days, body weight 1.

Effects of atracurium on intraocular pressure, eye position, and blood pressure in eucapnic and hypocapnic isoflurane-anesthetized dogs.

Objective: To determine effects of atracurium on intraocular pressure (IOP), eye position, and arterial blood pressure in eucapnic and hypocapnic dogs anesthetized with isoflurane.

Animals: 16 dogs.

Procedure: Ventilation during anesthesia was controlled to maintain Paco2 at 38 to 44 mm Hg in group- I dogs (n = 8) and 26 to 32 mm Hg in group-II dogs (8).

Cardiopulmonary effects of xylazine and acepromazine in pregnant cows in late gestation.

Objective: To determine effects of sedation achieved by xylazine (XYL) or acepromazine (ACE) on cardiopulmonary function and uterine blood flow in cows in late gestation.

Animals: 8 cows between 219 and 241 days of gestation.

Procedure: Doses of ACE (0.