Negative Control of RpoS Synthesis by the sRNA ReaL in .

(Pae) is an opportunistic human pathogen, able to resist host defense mechanisms and antibiotic treatment. In Pae, the master regulator of stress responses RpoS (σ) is involved in the regulation of quorum sensing and several virulence genes. Here, we report that the sRNA ReaL translationally silences mRNA, which results in a decrease of the RpoS levels.

Direct entry by RNase E is a major pathway for the degradation and processing of RNA in Escherichia coli.

Escherichia coli endoribonuclease E has a major influence on gene expression. It is essential for the maturation of ribosomal and transfer RNA as well as the rapid degradation of messenger RNA. The latter ensures that translation closely follows programming at the level of transcription.

Adjacent single-stranded regions mediate processing of tRNA precursors by RNase E direct entry.

The RNase E family is renowned for being central to the processing and decay of all types of RNA in many species of bacteria, as well as providing the first examples of endonucleases that can recognize 5'-monophosphorylated ends thereby increasing the efficiency of cleavage. However, there is increasing evidence that some transcripts can be cleaved efficiently by Escherichia coli RNase E via direct entry, i.e.

A combination of improved differential and global RNA-seq reveals pervasive transcription initiation and events in all stages of the life-cycle of functional RNAs in Propionibacterium acnes, a major contributor to wide-spread human disease.

Background: Sequencing of the genome of Propionibacterium acnes produced a catalogue of genes many of which enable this organism to colonise skin and survive exposure to the elements. Despite this platform, there was little understanding of the gene regulation that gives rise to an organism that has a major impact on human health and wellbeing and causes infections beyond the skin. To address this situation, we have undertaken a genome-wide study of gene regulation using a combination of improved differential and global RNA-sequencing and an analytical approach that takes into account the inherent noise within the data.