Hope, Cure, and Adverse Effects in Immunotherapy: Atezolizumab-Associated Encephalitis in Metastatic Small Cell Lung Cancer - A Case Report and Literature Review.

Cancer immunotherapies have been revolutionary treatments in oncological disease. Such therapies include immune checkpoint inhibitors that target programmed cell death protein, ligands, and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen (CTLA-4). Increased use has led to recognition of immune-related adverse events.

A Case of Chronic Aortic Dissection With Hemopericardium and Tamponade.

Type A aortic dissection involves the separation of the wall of the ascending aorta into a true lumen and a false lumen. The finding of an aortic dissection in a patient experiencing mild to moderate symptoms for several weeks may be surprising for clinicians, given the severity of the underlying process. Here, we present an 88-year-old patient who was admitted to our hospital due to orthopnea and leg swelling for the past two to three weeks and was found to have a chronic dissection of the ascending aorta, complicated by hemopericardium and tamponade.

Prosthetic valve endocarditis caused by .

Infective endocarditis (IE) caused by is rare. The true incidence rate of this pathogen is likely underestimated as this is easily misidentified as or . It is also associated with increased risk of complications such as systemic emboli.

Intraventricular empyema caused by .

Meningitis is defined as an inflammation of the protective covering of brain and spinal cord collectively called as meninges. Meningeal infection can be complicated by intraventricular empyema. There are 9 cases of intraventricular empyema described in the literature out of which only three are described to be caused by .