Magnetic Solitons in Hierarchical 3D Magnetic Nanoarchitectures of Nanoflower Shape.

Curvilinear magnetism emerged as a new route to tailor properties of magnetic solitons by the choice of geometry and topology of a magnetic architecture. Here, we develop an anodized aluminum oxide template-based approach to realize hierarchical 3D magnetic nanoarchitectures of nanoflower shape. The technique provides defect-free regular arrays of magnetic nanoflowers of tunable shape with a period of 400 nm over cm areas.

Quantifying the topology of magnetic skyrmions in three dimensions.

Magnetic skyrmions have so far been treated as two-dimensional spin structures characterized by a topological winding number. However, in real systems with the finite thickness of the device material being larger than the magnetic exchange length, the skyrmion spin texture extends into the third dimension and cannot be assumed as homogeneous. Using soft x-ray laminography, we reconstruct with about 20-nanometer spatial (voxel) size the full three-dimensional spin texture of a skyrmion in an 800-nanometer-diameter and 95-nanometer-thin disk patterned into a 30× [iridium/cobalt/platinum] multilayered film.

Ordering of room-temperature magnetic skyrmions in a polar van der Waals magnet.

Control and understanding of ensembles of skyrmions is important for realization of future technologies. In particular, the order-disorder transition associated with the 2D lattice of magnetic skyrmions can have significant implications for transport and other dynamic functionalities. To date, skyrmion ensembles have been primarily studied in bulk crystals, or as isolated skyrmions in thin film devices.

Room-temperature skyrmion lattice in a layered magnet (FeCo)GeTe.

Novel magnetic ground states have been stabilized in two-dimensional (2D) magnets such as skyrmions, with the potential next-generation information technology. Here, we report the experimental observation of a Néel-type skyrmion lattice at room temperature in a single-phase, layered 2D magnet, specifically a 50% Co-doped FeGeTe (FCGT) system. The thickness-dependent magnetic domain size follows Kittel's law.

Field-Driven Dynamics of Magnetic Hopfions.

We present micromagnetic simulations on resonant spin wave modes of magnetic Hopfions up to 15 GHz driven by external magnetic fields. A sharp transition is found around 66 mT coinciding with a transition from Hopfions to magnetic torons. The modes exhibit characteristic amplitudes in frequency space accompanied by unique localization patterns in real space and are found to be robust to damping around topological features, particularly vortex lines in Hopfions and Bloch points in torons.