Developmental Eye Movement (DEM) and King-Devick (K-D) Performance in Multiple Sclerosis.

Eye movement disorders have been reported in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) as saccadic disturbances. Several methods have been described for the assessment of saccades, including the K-D and DEM tests. The performance of these tests also involves attention, language, and other brain areas which have been reported to be altered in MS patients.

Binocular Vision in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis.

Purpose: Oculomotor disorders have been reported in multiple sclerosis (MS) in up to 80% of cases. There have been studies evaluating binocular vision in several neurological diseases, but not in MS. Considering that a high percentage of eye-movement anomalies have been reported, the aim of this study was to analyze binocular vision in these subjects.

Ocular fixation and macular integrity by microperimetry in multiple sclerosis.

Purpose: To characterize the fixation and macular integrity of subjects with multiple sclerosis (MS) with and without previous optic neuritis (ON) using microperimetry (MP).

Methods: Fifty-five eyes of MS patients, subdivided into three groups (28 eyes without ON, 16 with previous ON, and 11 eyes with previous ON in the contralateral eye), and 43 healthy eyes were enrolled (January-November 2018). All cases were evaluated using the MAIA microperimeter (Centervue), analyzing the following parameters: average macular threshold (AT), fixation indexes (P1 and P2), bivariate contour ellipse area (BCEA) for 95% and 63% of points, and horizontal (H) and vertical (V) axes of the ellipse of fixation.

Corneal biomechanics, retinal nerve fiber layer, and optic disc in children.

Purpose: To evaluate the possible associations between corneal biomechanical parameters, optic disc morphology, and retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness in healthy white Spanish children.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included 100 myopic children and 99 emmetropic children as a control group, ranging in age from 6 to 17 years. The Ocular Response Analyzer was used to measure corneal hysteresis (CH) and corneal resistance factor.

Optic neuritis in pediatric population: a review in current tendencies of diagnosis and management.

Optic neuritis is an inflammation of the optic nerve and may be related to different systemic conditions. The clinical presentation of this pathology usually includes sudden loss of visual acuity (VA) which may be unilateral or bilateral, visual field restriction, pain with eye movements, dyschromatopsia, a relative afferent pupillary defect and optic disk swelling. Optic neuritis in children has specific clinical features and a better prognosis than in adulthood.

Relationship among corneal biomechanics, refractive error, and axial length.

Purpose: To evaluate the relationship between different ocular and corneal biomechanical parameters in emmetropic and ametropic healthy white children.

Methods: This study included 293 eyes of 293 healthy Spanish children (135 boys and 158 girls), ranging in age from 6 to 17 years. Subjects were divided according to the refractive error: control (emmetropia, 99 children), myopia (100 children), and hyperopia (94 children) groups.

Fixed mydriatic pupil associated with an intraocular pressure rise as a complication of the implant of a Phakic Refractive Lens (PRL).

We describe a case report of a patient that was implanted with a posterior chamber phakic intraocular lens (Phakic Refractive Lens, PRL) for the correction of moderate myopia and who developed postoperatively a fixed mydriasis compatible with an Urrets-Zavalia Syndrome (UZS). Specifically, a sudden acute increase of IOP in the left eye was observed in the immediate postoperative period. After IOP stabilization, the refractive result was good, but a fixed and mydriatic pupil appeared.

Algorithm for correcting the keratometric estimation error in normal eyes.

Purpose: To obtain an accurate algorithm for calculating the keratometric index that minimizes the errors in the calculation of corneal power assuming only a single corneal surface in the range of corneal curvatures of the normal population.

Methods: Corneal power was calculated by using the classical keratometric index and also by using the Gaussian equation. Differences between types of calculation of corneal power were determined and modeled by regression analysis.

Clinical impact of a spontaneous decentration of a phakic refractive lens.

Purpose: To evaluate the clinical impact and possible causes of a spontaneous decentration of a phakic refractive lens (PRL) implanted in a highly myopic eye, and analyzing the visual, refractive, and aberrometric outcome as well as the possible causes for this phenomenon.

Methods: The description of a case of bilateral high myopia corrected by implantation with the phakic intraocular lens (pIOL) PRL (Carl Zeiss Meditec, Germany) is presented and documented. Both eyes had similar anatomical configuration, and therefore, a pIOL (Model 101) with the same size was implanted without any associated intraoperative complication.