Much stronger tundra methane emissions during autumn freeze than spring thaw.

Warming in the Arctic has been more apparent in the non-growing season than in the typical growing season. In this context, methane (CH ) emissions in the non-growing season, particularly in the shoulder seasons, account for a substantial proportion of the annual budget. However, CH emissions in spring and autumn shoulders are often underestimated by land models and measurements due to limited data availability and unknown mechanisms.

Dynamics of CO and HO fluxes in Johnson grass in the U.S. Southern Great Plains.

Johnson grass (Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers.) is rapidly spreading throughout the continental United States (U.