Fluoroform (CHF) Production from CFCHO Photolysis and Implications for the Decomposition of Hydrofluoroolefins and Hydrochlorofluoroolefins in the Atmosphere.

Hydrofluoroolefins (HFOs) and hydrochlorofluoroolefins (HCFOs) are the leading synthetic replacements for compounds successively banned by the Montreal Protocol and amendments. HFOs and HCFOs readily decompose in the atmosphere to form fluorinated carbonyls, including CFCHO in yields of up to 100%, which are then photolyzed. A long-standing issue, critical for the transition to safe industrial gases, is whether atmospheric decomposition of CFCHO yields any quantity of CHF (HFC-23), which is one of the most environmentally hazardous greenhouse gases.

Prescribing of antipsychotics for people diagnosed with severe mental illness in UK primary care 2000-2019: 20-year investigation of who receives treatment, with which agents and at what doses.

Background: Contemporary data relating to antipsychotic prescribing in UK primary care for patients diagnosed with severe mental illness (SMI) are lacking.

Aims: To describe contemporary patterns of antipsychotic prescribing in UK primary care for patients diagnosed with SMI.

Method: Cohort study of patients with an SMI diagnosis (i.

Defining Mental Health Conditions Within Primary Care Data: A Validation Study With a Mixed Qualitative and Quantitative Approach.

Objectives: To validate codelists for defining a range of mental health (MH) conditions with primary care data, using a mixed qualitative and quantitative approach and without requiring external data.

Methods: We validated Read codelists, selecting and classifying them in three steps. The qualitative step included an in-depth revision of the codes by six doctors.

Measures of social connectedness in adult populations: a systematic review.

Background: Poor social connectedness has been identified as a risk factor for poor mental health but there is a lack of standardisation in how it is measured. This systematic review aimed to identify suitable measures of social connectedness for use in UK adult general populations.

Methods: Searches were undertaken in two stages to identify: (1) measures of social connectedness from review articles and grey literature and (2) studies reporting on the psychometric properties of the identified measures.

Comparison of Butorphanol-Azaperone-Medetomidine and Nalbuphine-Medetomidine-Azaperone for Immobilization of White-Tailed Deer (Odocoileus virginianus).

Butorphanol-azaperone-medetomidine (BAM) is commonly used for white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) immobilization in captive and free-ranging populations. It is a federally regulated controlled substance requiring stringent regulatory compliance, complicating field application. A prescription-only drug combination, nalbuphine-medetomidine-azaperone® (NalMed-A) provides a less-regulated alternative for use by wildlife professionals.

The association of maternal mental health with vaccination coverage and timeliness in early childhood - A historical cohort study in England using electronic health records.

Background: Maternal mental illness (MMI) affects almost a quarter of mothers and may impact a child's development and physical health. It remains unclear whether MMI is associated with altered utilization of vaccination services. Understanding this association could help to identify families in need of additional support.

Recording of Alcohol Use Disorder in Electronic Health Records: Developing a Recommended Codelist for Research.

Purpose: Electronic health records (EHR) are valuable resources for health research; however, their use is challenging. A validated alcohol use disorder (AUD) codelist for UK primary care is needed to improve population-based research in this patient group. We aimed to develop an AUD codelist for use in the Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD) Aurum database, a UK EHR primary-care database.

Shorter versus longer duration antibiotic regimens for treatment of suspected neonatal sepsis.

This is a protocol for a Cochrane Review (intervention). The objectives are as follows: To assess the safety and effectiveness of shorter versus longer duration antibiotic regimens for the treatment of suspected neonatal sepsis.

Shorter versus longer duration antibiotic regimens for treatment of culture-positive neonatal sepsis.

This is a protocol for a Cochrane Review (intervention). The objectives are as follows: To assess the safety and effectiveness of shorter versus longer duration antibiotic regimens for the treatment of culture-positive neonatal sepsis with or without meningitis.

Severe mental illness as a risk factor for recorded diagnosis of osteoporosis and fragility fractures in people aged ≥50 years: retrospective cohort study using UK primary care data.

Background: Severe mental illness (SMI) has been associated with reduced bone density and increased risk of fractures, although some studies have shown inconsistent results.

Aim: To examine the association between SMI and recorded diagnosis of osteoporosis and fragility fracture in people aged ≥50 years.

Design And Setting: Population-based cohort study set in UK primary care.

Direct Observation of Gas-Phase Hydroxymethylene: Photoionization and Kinetics Resulting from Methanol Photodissociation.

Carbene species play an integral role in high-energy chemistry, transition-metal-carbene chemistry, catalysis, photolytic formation of carbohydrates, and possibly even the formation of interstellar sugars. In 1921, "reactive formaldehyde"─now known as hydroxymethylene (HCOH)─was first implicated as an intermediate in photocatalytic processes. However, due to its transient nature, direct observation of HCOH has predominantly been attained using cryogenic isolation methods.

Non-invasive high-frequency ventilation in newborn infants with respiratory distress.

Background: Respiratory distress occurs in up to 7% of newborns, with respiratory support (RS) provided invasively via an endotracheal (ET) tube or non-invasively via a nasal interface. Invasive ventilation increases the risk of lung injury and chronic lung disease (CLD). Using non-invasive strategies, with or without minimally invasive surfactant, may reduce the need for mechanical ventilation and the risk of lung damage in newborn infants with respiratory distress.

Female Deer Movements Relative to Firearms Hunting in Northern Georgia, USA.

Perceived risk associated with hunters can cause white-tailed deer () to shift their activity away from key foraging areas or alter normal movements, which are important considerations in managing hunting and its effects on a population. We studied the effects of seven firearms hunts on the movements of 20 female deer in two Wildlife Management Areas within the Chattahoochee National Forest of northern Georgia, USA, during the 2018-2019 and 2019-2020 hunting seasons. Deer populations and the number of hunters in our study area have declined significantly since the 1980s.

Exploring the co-occurrence of depression, anxiety and insomnia symptoms, diagnoses and treatments in primary care: observational study using UK primary care data.

Background: Depression, anxiety and insomnia often co-occur. However, there is a lack of research regarding how they cluster and how this is related to medication used to treat them.

Aims: To describe the frequencies and associations between depression, anxiety and insomnia, and treatment for these conditions in primary care.

Antidepressant treatment and mortality in people with comorbid depression and type 2 diabetes: UK electronic health record study.

Background: Depression is associated with higher rates of premature mortality in people with physical comorbidities, such as type 2 diabetes. Conceptually, the successful treatment of depression in people with type 2 diabetes could prevent premature mortality.

Aims: To investigate the association between antidepressant prescribing and the rates of all-cause and cause-specific (endocrine, cardiovascular, respiratory, cancer, unnatural) mortality in individuals with comorbid depression and type 2 diabetes.

Targeting intracellular nontuberculous mycobacteria and with a bactericidal enzymatic cocktail.

To address intracellular mycobacterial infections, we developed a cocktail of four enzymes that catalytically attack three layers of the mycobacterial envelope. This cocktail is delivered to macrophages, through a targeted liposome presented here as ENTX_001. Endolytix Cocktail 1 (EC1) leverages mycobacteriophage lysin enzymes LysA and LysB, while also including α-amylase and isoamylase for degradation of the mycobacterial envelope from outside of the cell.

The photoionization of methoxymethanol: Fingerprinting a reactive C2 oxygenate in a complex reactive mixture.

Methoxymethanol (CH3OCH2OH) is a reactive C2 ether-alcohol that is formed by coupling events in both heterogeneous and homogeneous systems. It is found in complex reactive environments-for example those associated with catalytic reactors, combustion systems, and liquid-phase mixtures of oxygenates. Using tunable synchrotron-generated vacuum-ultraviolet photons between 10.

Incidence of mental health diagnoses during the COVID-19 pandemic: a multinational network study.

Aims: Population-wide restrictions during the COVID-19 pandemic may create barriers to mental health diagnosis. This study aims to examine changes in the number of incident cases and the incidence rates of mental health diagnoses during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: By using electronic health records from France, Germany, Italy, South Korea and the UK and claims data from the US, this study conducted interrupted time-series analyses to compare the monthly incident cases and the incidence of depressive disorders, anxiety disorders, alcohol misuse or dependence, substance misuse or dependence, bipolar disorders, personality disorders and psychoses diagnoses before (January 2017 to February 2020) and after (April 2020 to the latest available date of each database [up to November 2021]) the introduction of COVID-related restrictions.