The Role of Community Participation in Planning and Executing Malaria Interventions: Experience from Implementation of Biolarviciding for Malaria Vector Control in Southern Tanzania.

Background: Malaria remains a disease of great public health importance in 85 countries globally. Developing countries face resource constraints in implementing public health interventions aiming at controlling malaria. Promoting community participation may contribute to rational and effective use of resources and therefore facilitating achievement of intervention goals in a cost-effective manner while fostering sustainability.

Biolarviciding implementation in southern Tanzania: Scalability opportunities and challenges.

Background: The resistance to insecticides among malaria vectors poses a global challenge in the efforts towards malaria elimination. This calls for an addition of larval control methods such as biolarviciding. However, the implementation of biolarviciding in Tanzania has been very low.

Biolarviciding for malaria vector control: Acceptance and associated factors in southern Tanzania.

In the struggle towards malaria elimination, the government of Tanzania scaled up nationwide biolarviciding to supplement existing vector control measures. As with any community-based intervention, success of biolarviciding depends on acceptability to the community. This study sought to ascertain acceptance of biolarviciding among communities in southern Tanzania.

Adult Anopheles Mosquito Distribution at a Low and High Malaria Transmission Site in Tanzania.

Malaria parasites are only transmitted by female mosquitoes of the genus Anopheles; hence, the disease's distribution is linked to that of the vector mosquitoes. As such, the goal of this study was to find out the spatial and temporal distribution of Anopheles mosquito adults in the research sites. This was a repeated cross-sectional ecological study that took place in Morogoro and Dodoma, Tanzania.

Antimicrobial activities and phytochemical analysis of (Oliv) and (Verd) extracts used as traditional medicine in Tanzania.

The present study aimed to determine antimicrobial activities and phytochemical analysis of and which are commonly used as traditional medicine in Tanzania. Sensitivity of bacterial and fungal species against plants extracts were determined using serial microdilution method. In this method, the lowest inhibitory concentration which prevented microbial growth considered as minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC).

Prevalence, Intensity, and Factors Associated with Urogenital Schistosomiasis among Women of Reproductive Age in Mbogwe District Council, Geita Region, Tanzania.

Background: Urogenital schistosomiasis remains a public health problem in Tanzania. Control programs mostly target school-going children ignoring other vulnerable groups like women of child bearing age. Previous evidence has shown that women of reproductive age suffer greatest morbidities in endemic areas.

Spatial and temporal distribution of mosquito's larvae and its determinants in two urban sites in Tanzania with different malaria transmission levels.

Background: In order to be able to design and implement control measures directed to the mosquito larva stages an understanding of the spatial and temporal distribution and its determinants in different malaria transmission settings is important. This study therefore, intended to determine the spatial and temporal distribution of mosquito's larvae and its determinants in two urban sites with different transmission levels, in Tanzania.

Methodology: This study was conducted in Dodoma and Morogoro regions in Tanzania.

Knowledge, attitude and practice towards malaria among symptomatic patients attending Tumbi Referral Hospital: A cross-sectional study.

Background: Despite significant improvement in prevention and control over the past decades malaria remains a significant public health concern in Tanzania with 93% of the population being at risk. To prevent malaria infection and promote malaria free zones, understanding the community's knowledge, attitudes, and practices toward malaria control are essential. This study therefore aimed at determining the levels of understanding, and attitudes, as well as socio-cultural aspects of malaria prevention and treatment-seeking behaviours among suspected malaria patients.

Geographical and behavioral risks associated with Schistosoma haematobium infection in an area of complex transmission.

Background: Schistosoma haematobium infection in endemic areas varies depending on the nature and complexity of the transmission networks present. Studies of micro-geographical transmission of S. haematobium infection indicate that discrepancy in prevalence between households is associated with diverse water contact behaviors and transmission that is restricted to particular sites harboring snail intermediate hosts.

The Efficacy of Single-Dose versus Double-Dose Praziquantel Treatments on Infections: Its Implication on Undernutrition and Anaemia among Primary Schoolchildren in Two On-Shore Communities, Northwestern Tanzania.

Administering more than one treatment may increase Praziquantel cure and egg reduction rates, thereby hastening achievement of schistosomiasis transmission control. A total of 431 -infected schoolchildren were randomized to receive either a single or repeated 40 mg/kg Praziquantel dose. Heights, weights, and haemoglobin levels were determined using a stadiometer, weighing scale, and HemoCue, respectively.

Knowledge, attitude, and practices on intestinal schistosomiasis among primary schoolchildren in the Lake Victoria basin, Rorya District, north-western Tanzania.

Background: Globally school-age children, adolescents and young adults bear the highest burden of schistosomiasis. When developing a specific intervention to improve community's knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAPs), existing KAPs must be taken into account. Therefore, this study was designed to determine schoolchildren's KAPs on schistosomiasis in the study area.

Prevalence and Correlates of Intestinal Parasites among Patients Admitted to Mirembe National Mental Health Hospital, Dodoma, Tanzania.

Background: Neglected tropical diseases continue to be one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in the developing world. Psychiatric patients are among groups at risk for parasitic infection although control and monitoring programs largely overlook this population. This study aimed at determining prevalence and factors associated with intestinal parasitic infection among patients admitted to a psychiatric facility.

Schistosoma mansoni Infections, Undernutrition and Anaemia among Primary Schoolchildren in Two Onshore Villages in Rorya District, North-Western Tanzania.

Background: Undernutrition and anaemia remains to be a major public health problem in many developing countries, where they mostly affect children. Intestinal parasitic infections are known to affect both growth and haemoglobin levels. Much has been reported on the impact of geohelminths on anaemia and undernutrition, leaving that of Schistosoma mansoni not well studied.

Intestinal Schistosomiasis among Primary Schoolchildren in Two On-Shore Communities in Rorya District, Northwestern Tanzania: Prevalence, Intensity of Infection and Associated Risk Factors.

In Tanzania, is of great public health importance. Understanding the prevalence and infection intensity is important for targeted, evidence-based control strategies. This study aimed at studying the prevalence, intensity, and risk factors of among schoolchildren in the study area.

Acute renal failure in a Caucasian traveler with severe malaria: a case report.

Acute renal failure (ARF) secondary to severe malaria is uncommon. We report a case of a patient visiting Africa for the first time presenting with malaria and ARF. There was complete recovery after hemodialysis.