Systemic Steroids in Preventing Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia (BPD): Neurodevelopmental Outcome According to the Risk of BPD in the EPICE Cohort.

Background: Postnatal steroids (PNS) have been used to prevent bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in preterm infants but have potential adverse effects on neurodevelopment. These effects might be modulated by their risk of BPD. We aimed to compare patients' neurodevelopment with PNS treatment according to their risk of BPD in a European cohort.

The impact of an enhanced recovery programme on length of stay and post-discharge resource usage following hip and knee arthroplasty : a service evaluation and cost analysis.

Aims: The aim of this study is to assess the impact of a pilot enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) programme on length of stay (LOS) and post-discharge resource usage via service evaluation and cost analysis.

Methods: Between May and December 2019, 100 patients requiring hip or knee arthroplasty were enrolled with the intention that each would have a preadmission discharge plan, a preoperative education class with nominated helper, a day of surgery admission and mobilization, a day one discharge, and access to a 24/7 dedicated helpline. Each was matched with a patient under the pre-existing pathway from the previous year.

30-day mortality following trauma and orthopaedic surgery during the peak of the COVID-19 pandemic: a multicentre regional analysis of 484 patients.

Aims: Now that we are in the deceleration phase of the COVID-19 pandemic, the focus has shifted to how to safely reinstate elective operating. Regional and speciality specific data is important to guide this decision-making process. This study aimed to review 30-day mortality for all patients undergoing orthopaedic surgery during the peak of the pandemic within our region.

Postnatal Corticosteroids Policy for Very Preterm Infants and Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia.

Introduction: Postnatal corticosteroids (PNC) are effective for reducing bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in very preterm neonates but are associated with adverse effects including an increased risk of cerebral palsy. PNC use in Europe is heterogeneous across regions. This study aimed to assess whether European neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) with a low use of PNC or an explicit policy to reduce PNC use had higher risks of mortality or BPD.

Monitoring of a hip surveillance programme protects infants from radiation and surgical intervention.

Aims: To monitor the performance of services for developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) in Northern Ireland and identify potential improvements to enhance quality of service and plan for the future.

Methods: This was a prospective observational study, involving all infants treated for DDH between 2011 and 2017. Children underwent clinical assessment and radiological investigation as per the regional surveillance policy.

Twenty-year survivorship of a cemented mobile bearing Total Knee Arthroplasty.

Background: Increasing numbers of Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA) operations are carried out worldwide each year. This brings with it an ever-increasing revision burden and it is therefore important to appreciate both the functional outcome and survivorship of established arthroplasties when considering new designs. We aim to evaluate the long-term survivorship of a fully cemented mobile bearing Total Knee Arthroplasty.

Hip Hemi-Arthroplasty vs Total Hip Replacement for Displaced Intra-Capsular Hip Fractures: Retrospective Age and Sex Matched Cohort Study.

Introduction: The Royal Victoria Hospital in Belfast is the largest volume hospital in the UK Hip Fracture Database. Management of displaced intra-capsular hip fractures is evolving in light of NICE and BOA guidelines, with more patients receiving total hip replacement (THR) over hemi-arthroplasty. With current rationing within the NHS, it is vital that principles of the 'Getting It Right First time' (GIRFT) report are implemented and the correct treatment choice made.

Correction: Evidence-Based Neonatal Unit Practices and Determinants of Postnatal Corticosteroid-Use in Preterm Births below 30 Weeks GA in Europe. A Population-Based Cohort Study.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.

Patent Ductus Arteriosus Treatment in Very Preterm Infants: A European Population-Based Cohort Study (EPICE) on Variation and Outcomes.

Background: Spontaneous closure of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) occurs frequently in very preterm infants and despite the lack of evidence for treatment benefits, treatment for PDA is common in neonatal medicine.

Objectives: The aim of this work was to study regional variations in PDA treatment in very preterm infants (≤31 weeks of gestation), its relation to differences in perinatal characteristics, and associations with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) and survival without major neonatal morbidity.

Methods: This was a population-based cohort study in 19 regions in 11 European countries conducted during 2011 and 2012.

Evidence-Based Neonatal Unit Practices and Determinants of Postnatal Corticosteroid-Use in Preterm Births below 30 Weeks GA in Europe. A Population-Based Cohort Study.

Background: Postnatal corticosteroids (PNC) were widely used to treat and prevent bronchopulmonary dysplasia in preterm infants until studies showed increased risk of cerebral palsy and neurodevelopmental impairment. We aimed to describe PNC use in Europe and evaluate the determinants of their use, including neonatal characteristics and adherence to evidence-based practices in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs).

Methods: 3917/4096 (95,6%) infants born between 24 and 29 weeks gestational age in 19 regions of 11 European countries of the EPICE cohort we included.

Atraumatic Pantalar Avascular Necrosis in a Patient With Alcohol Dependence.

In the United States, an estimated 10,000 to 20,000 new cases of avascular necrosis are diagnosed each year. We present an unusual case of atraumatic avascular necrosis with widespread hindfoot and midfoot involvement. A 62-year-old female with a history of alcohol dependence and smoking, who had previously been treated for avascular necrosis of the knee, presented with right-sided foot pain and difficulty weightbearing.

Rates of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in very preterm neonates in Europe: results from the MOSAIC cohort.

Background: A considerable local variability in the rate of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) has been recorded previously.

Objectives: The objectives of the present study were to describe regional differences in the rate of BPD in very preterm neonates from a European population-based cohort and to further delineate risk factors.

Methods: 4,185 survivors to 36 weeks' postmenstrual age of 4,984 live-born infants born at 24+0-31+6 weeks' gestation in 2003 (the MOSAIC cohort) in 10 European regions were enrolled using predefined structured questionnaires.

Differences in rates and short-term outcome of live births before 32 weeks of gestation in Europe in 2003: results from the MOSAIC cohort.

Objectives: Advances in perinatal medicine increased survival after very preterm birth in all countries, but comparative population-based data on these births are not readily available. This analysis contrasts the rates and short-term outcome of live births before 32 weeks of gestation in 10 European regions.

Methods: The Models of Organizing Access to Intensive Care for Very Preterm Births (MOSAIC) study collected prospective data on all very preterm births in 10 European regions covering 494,463 total live births in 2003.

Characteristics of neonatal units that care for very preterm infants in Europe: results from the MOSAIC study.

Objectives: We sought to compare guidelines for level III units in 10 European regions and analyze the characteristics of neonatal units that care for very preterm infants.

Methods: The MOSAIC (Models of Organising Access to Intensive Care for Very Preterm Births) project combined a prospective cohort study on all births between 22 and 31 completed weeks of gestation in 10 European regions and a survey of neonatal unit characteristics. Units that admitted > or = 5 infants at < 32 weeks of gestation were included in the analysis (N = 111).

Surfactant therapy for respiratory distress syndrome in premature neonates: a comparative review.

Exogenous surfactant therapy has been part of the routine care of preterm neonates with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) since the beginning of the 1990s. Discoveries that led to its development as a therapeutic agent span the whole of the 20th century but it was not until 1980 that the first successful use of exogenous surfactant therapy in a human population was reported. Since then, randomized controlled studies demonstrated that surfactant therapy was not only well tolerated but that it significantly reduced both neonatal mortality and pulmonary air leaks; importantly, those surviving neonates were not at greater risk of subsequent neurological impairment.