Central overweight and obesity in British youth aged 11-16 years: cross sectional surveys of waist circumference.

Objective: To compare changes over time in waist circumference (a measure of central fatness) and body mass index (a measure of overall obesity) in British youth.

Design: Representative cross sectional surveys in 1977, 1987, and 1997.

Setting: Great Britain.

Liposome (Lipodine)-mediated DNA vaccination by the oral route.

Plasmid DNA pRc/CMV HBS encoding the S (small) region of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) was incorporated by the dehydration-rehydration method into Lipodine liposomes composed of 16 micro moles phosphatidylcholine (PC) or distearoyl phosphatidylcholine (DSPC), 8 micro moles of (dioleoyl phosphatidylethanolamine (DOPE) or cholesterol and 4 micro moles of the cationic lipid 1,2-dioleoyl-3-(trimethylammonium propane (DOTAP) (molar ratios 1 : 0.5 : 0.25).