Influence of the Encapsulating Agent on the Bioaccessibility of Phenolic Compounds from Microencapsulated Propolis Extract during Gastrointestinal Digestion.

The aim of this work is to develop different encapsulated propolis ingredients by spray-drying and to evaluate their bioaccessibility using simulated digestion. To achieve these goals, first, microparticles of a propolis extract with inulin as the coating polymer were prepared under the optimal conditions previously determined. Then, a fraction of inulin was replaced with other encapsulating agents, namely sodium alginate, pectin, and chitosan, to obtain different ingredients with controlled release properties in the gastrointestinal tract.

Metal accumulation by subsp. Rivas Goday (Brassicaceae) across different petrographic entities in South-Iberian ultramafic massifs: plant-soil relationships and prospects for phytomining.

To date, studies of hyperaccumulation in plant tissues on ultramafic rocks have not considered the great diversity of petrographic entities in the world's outcrops. One of them is the one that we studied in Spain with more than eight petrographic entities and different soils. Our hypothesis is that the different chemical compositions of the soils in ultramafic rocks significantly affect the hyperaccumulation of metals by specialized plants, which may have consequences for phytomining.