Identification of direction in gene networks from expression and methylation.

Background: Reverse-engineering gene regulatory networks from expression data is difficult, especially without temporal measurements or interventional experiments. In particular, the causal direction of an edge is generally not statistically identifiable, i.e.

Roles of DNA polymerase I in leading and lagging-strand replication defined by a high-resolution mutation footprint of ColE1 plasmid replication.

DNA polymerase I (pol I) processes RNA primers during lagging-strand synthesis and fills small gaps during DNA repair reactions. However, it is unclear how pol I and pol III work together during replication and repair or how extensive pol I processing of Okazaki fragments is in vivo. Here, we address these questions by analyzing pol I mutations generated through error-prone replication of ColE1 plasmids.