Characteristics of ocular trauma in the United States.

Purpose: We aimed to study the characteristics of ocular trauma, an important but largely preventable global cause of blindness, in the United States.

Methods: Retrospective chart review of the National Trauma Data Bank (2008-2014) was performed. All patients with ocular trauma were identified using ICD-9CM codes.

Firearm-associated ocular injuries: analysis of national trauma data.

Purpose: The United States of America has the highest gun ownership rate of all high-income nations, and firearms have been identified as a leading cause of ocular trauma and visual impairment. The purpose of this study was to characterize firearm-associated ocular injury and identify at-risk groups.

Methods: Patients admitted with firearm-associated ocular injury were identified from the National Trauma Data Bank (2008-2014) using the International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification diagnostic codes and E-codes for external causes.

Patterns of ocular trauma in elderly patients in an urban population-the Bronx experience.

Purpose: To evaluate the characteristics of ocular injuries among elderly patients admitted to an urban level I trauma center because of major trauma from 2008 to 2015.

Methods: A retrospective chart review was conducted of patients aged >65 years admitted with ocular injuries that were identified with ICD-9 codes. Tabulated data were analyzed using the Student's paired t-test, the chi-squared test, and regression analysis using STATA/MP-12 software.

Pediatric traumatic brain injury and ocular injury.

Purpose: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of pediatric disability and mortality. Together with sight-threatening ocular injuries, TBIs may lead to devastating consequences in developing children and complicate rehabilitation. We sought to investigate this relationship in pediatric patients admitted with major trauma.

Etiology of optic atrophy: a prospective observational study from Saudi Arabia.

Background: Optic atrophy (OA) represents permanent retinal ganglion cell loss warranting study to establish etiology.

Objectives: To describe neurogenic causes of OA.

Design: Prospective, observational.

Recent advances in the treatment of corneal ectasia with intrastromal corneal ring segments.

Purpose Of Review: To review the recent advances and reported outcomes in the use of intrastromal corneal ring segments (ICRS) for the treatment of corneal ectasia.

Recent Findings: ICRS are a well-tolerated and effective treatment for patients with corneal ectasia, particularly keratoconus, offering long-term improvement in visual, refractive, and keratometric measures. ICRS do not consistently decrease corneal aberrations.

Ursodiol and colorectal cancer or dysplasia risk in primary sclerosing cholangitis and inflammatory bowel disease: a meta-analysis.

Background: Patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) and colonic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) demonstrate increased risk of colorectal cancer. Prior studies have yielded conflicting information on the relationship between ursodiol (UDCA) and the risk of colorectal cancer or dysplasia in this group.

Aims: To examine the impact of UDCA on risk of colorectal cancer or dysplasia in adult PSC and IBD patients.