A semi-structured interview to capture manual wheelchair use for mobility activities among individuals with spinal cord injury in real-life situations: development and content validity of the Wheelchair Mobility Activity Log (WC-MAL).

Study Design: Mixed-method approach.

Objectives: To develop and assess the content validity of a semi-structured interview that captures the lived experience of using a manual wheelchair among individuals with SCI in the real world, the Wheelchair Mobility Activity Log (WC-MAL).

Setting: SCIR-Group (UDESC)/Brazil.

Improvements in Between-Vendor MRI Harmonization of Renal T Mapping using Stimulated Echo Compensation.

Background: T mapping is valuable to evaluate pathophysiology in kidney disease. However, variations in T relaxation time measurements across MR scanners and vendors may occur requiring additional correction.

Purpose: To harmonize renal T measurements between MR vendor platforms, and use an extended-phase-graph-based fitting method ("StimFit") to correct stimulated echoes and reduce between-vendor variations.

Behavior Change Interventions for Health Promotion in Physical Therapist Research and Practice: An Integrative Approach.

There is an increasing focus on health promotion in physical therapist research and practice. A clinical model (Health-Focused Physical Therapy Model) was developed for identifying major steps in the delivery of health promotion focusing on adoption of healthy lifestyle behaviors. One of the primary steps within this model is the design and delivery of behavior change interventions.

Study protocol: a multicentre, open-label, parallel-group, phase 2, randomised controlled trial of autologous macrophage therapy for liver cirrhosis (MATCH).

Introduction: Liver cirrhosis is a growing global healthcare challenge. Cirrhosis is characterised by severe liver fibrosis, organ dysfunction and complications related to portal hypertension. There are no licensed antifibrotic or proregenerative medicines and liver transplantation is a scarce resource.

Tele-rehabilitation of upper-extremity hemiparesis after stroke: Proof-of-concept randomized controlled trial of in-home Constraint-Induced Movement therapy.

Background: Although Constraint-Induced Movement therapy (CIMT) has been deemed efficacious for adults with persistent, mild-to-moderate, post-stroke upper-extremity hemiparesis, CIMT is not available on a widespread clinical basis. Impediments include its cost and travel to multiple therapy appointments. To overcome these barriers, we developed an automated, tele-health form of CIMT.

Reliability and Validity of the Lower Extremity Motor Activity Log for Measuring Real-World Leg Use in Adults With Multiple Sclerosis.

Objectives: To determine the test-retest reliability and validity of the Lower Extremity Motor Activity Log (LE-MAL) for assessing LE use in the community in adults with multiple sclerosis (MS).

Design: Prospective analysis of measures conducted by trained examiners.

Setting: Participants were evaluated by telephone on several measures of LE use.

Consensus-Based Technical Recommendations for Clinical Translation of Renal Phase Contrast MRI.

Background: Phase-contrast (PC) MRI is a feasible and valid noninvasive technique to measure renal artery blood flow, showing potential to support diagnosis and monitoring of renal diseases. However, the variability in measured renal blood flow values across studies is large, most likely due to differences in PC-MRI acquisition and processing. Standardized acquisition and processing protocols are therefore needed to minimize this variability and maximize the potential of renal PC-MRI as a clinically useful tool.

Octametallic Cluster of Cp*Ir(glycinato) Cations.

Removal of chloride from Cp*Ir(glycinato)Cl in noncoordinating solvents with Ag[PF] or Tl[PF] leads to the formation of a closed octametallic loop of cations. The same loop also sequesters a number of PF counter anions. This is in contrast with reports that piano-stool complexes with amino acids form only trimetallic [Cp*Ir(aminoacidato)] moieties upon creating the cation.

Consensus-based technical recommendations for clinical translation of renal T1 and T2 mapping MRI.

To develop technical recommendations on the acquisition and post-processing of renal longitudinal (T1) and transverse (T2) relaxation time mapping. A multidisciplinary panel consisting of 18 experts in the field of renal T1 and T2 mapping participated in a consensus project, which was initiated by the European Cooperation in Science and Technology Action PARENCHIMA CA16103. Consensus recommendations were formulated using a two-step modified Delphi method.

Constraint-Induced Movement Therapy for Improving Motor Function of the Paretic Lower Extremity After Stroke.

A 56-yr-old woman with chronic stroke and gait dysfunction was recruited for this study. A lower-extremity constraint-induced movement therapy protocol was given consisting of 3.5 hrs/d of supervised intervention activities on 10 consecutive weekdays.

High-Performance Jet Fuels Derived from Bio-Based Alkenes by Iron-Catalyzed [2+2] Cycloaddition.

A series of high-performance cycloparaffinic fuels have been generated by [2+2] cycloaddition of the bio-derived alkenes 1-hexene, isoprene, and 1-pentene, catalyzed by a low-valent iron pyridine(diimine) complex [( PDI)Fe(N ) (μ-N )] [ PDI=N,N'-(2,6-pyridinediyldiethylidyne)bis(2,6-dimethylbenzenamine)]. Reactions with 1-pentene and 1-hexene resulted in 85 % selectivity to 1,2-cyclobutanes, and 12 % selectivity to acyclic alkenes generated by β-hydride elimination. Self-dimerization of isoprene was sluggish and generated heavier oligomer products, but cross-dimerization of isoprene with 1-hexene afforded primarily a 1,3-cyclobutane product, along with isomers of acyclic C mixed dimers.

Considering tumour volume for motion corrected DWI of colorectal liver metastases increases sensitivity of ADC to detect treatment-induced changes.

ADC is a potential post treatment imaging biomarker in colorectal liver metastasis however measurements are affected by respiratory motion. This is compounded by increased statistical uncertainty in ADC measurement with decreasing tumour volume. In this prospective study we applied a retrospective motion correction method to improve the image quality of 15 tumour data sets from 11 patients.

Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial of CI Therapy for Rehabilitation of Upper Extremity Motor Deficit: The Bringing Rehabilitation to American Veterans Everywhere Project.

Constraint-induced movement therapy (CI therapy) has been shown to reduce disability for individuals with upper extremity (UE) hemiparesis following different neurologic injuries. This article describes the study design and methodological considerations of the Bringing Rehabilitation to American Veterans Everywhere (BRAVE) Project, a randomized controlled trial of CI therapy to improve the motor deficit of participants with chronic and subacute traumatic brain injury. Our CI therapy protocol comprises 4 major components: (1) intensive training of the more-affected UE for target of 3 hour/day for 10 consecutive weekdays, (2) a behavioral technique termed shaping during training, (3) a "transfer package," 0.

Phase II Randomized Controlled Trial of Constraint-Induced Movement Therapy in Multiple Sclerosis. Part 1: Effects on Real-World Function.

Background: Constraint-Induced Movement therapy (CIMT) has controlled evidence of efficacy for improving real-world paretic limb use in non-progressive physically disabling disorders (stroke, cerebral palsy).

Objective: This study sought to determine whether this therapy can produce comparable results with a progressive disorder such as multiple sclerosis (MS). We conducted a preliminary phase II randomized controlled trial of CIMT versus a program of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) treatments for persons with MS, to evaluate their effect on real-world disability.

Development of MR quantified pancreatic fat deposition as a cancer risk biomarker.

Background: Excess body adiposity is associated with increased risk of pancreatic cancer, and in animal models excess intra-pancreatic fat is a driver of pancreatic carcinogenesis. Within a programme to evaluate pancreatic fat and PC risk in humans, we assessed whether MR-quantified pancreatic fat fraction (PFF) was 'fit for purpose' as an imaging biomarker.

Methods: We determined PFF using MR spectroscopy (MRS) and MR chemical shift imaging (CS-MR), in two groups.

Rehabilitation of stroke patients with plegic hands: Randomized controlled trial of expanded Constraint-Induced Movement therapy.

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of an expanded form of Constraint-Induced Movement Therapy (eCIMT) that renders CIMT, originally designed for treating mild-to-moderate upper-extremity hemiparesis, suitable for treating severe hemiparesis.

Methods: Twenty-one adults ≥1 year after stroke with severe upper-extremity hemiparesis (with little or no capacity to make movements with the more-affected hand) were randomly assigned to eCIMT (n = 10), a placebo-control procedure (n = 4), or usual care (n = 7). The participants who received usual care were crossed over to eCIMT four months after enrollment.

Preparing Physical and Occupational Therapists to Be Health Promotion Practitioners: A Call for Action.

Experts around the world support the integration of health promotion and wellness (HPW) services into traditional health care services. If successfully executed, the addition of HPW services would reduce rates of death and disability and significantly reduce health care costs. While all health care providers should be engaged in providing HPW services, many believe that physical therapists (PTs) and occupational therapists (OTs) are uniquely positioned to provide these services.

The Pediatric SmartShoe: Wearable Sensor System for Ambulatory Monitoring of Physical Activity and Gait.

Cerebral palsy (CP) is a group of nonprogressive neuro-developmental conditions occurring in early childhood that causes movement disorders and physical disability. Measuring activity levels and gait patterns is an important aspect of CP rehabilitation programs. Traditionally, such programs utilize commercially available laboratory systems, which cannot to be utilized in community living.

A data-driven statistical model that estimates measurement uncertainty improves interpretation of ADC reproducibility: a multi-site study of liver metastases.

Apparent Diffusion Coefficient (ADC) is a potential quantitative imaging biomarker for tumour cell density and is widely used to detect early treatment changes in cancer therapy. We propose a strategy to improve confidence in the interpretation of measured changes in ADC using a data-driven model that describes sources of measurement error. Observed ADC is then standardised against this estimation of uncertainty for any given measurement.

R1 changes in the human placenta at 3 T in response to a maternal oxygen challenge protocol.

Oxygen-enhanced MRI non-invasively monitors placental oxygenation in-vivo. This technique has been demonstrated at 1.5 Tesla (T) in healthy pregnancies.

Serendipitous preparation of fac-(aceto-nitrile-κN)tri-chlorido-[(1,2,5,6-η)-cyclo-octa-1,5-diene]iridium(III).

A reaction between [(COD)IrCl]2 (COD is cyclo-octa-1,5-diene), HCl and indene failed to provide the hoped for chlorido-indenyliridium dimer, but instead produced the title compound, [IrCl3(CH3CN)(C8H12)], which is an octa-hedral complex of iridium(III) with a chelating cyclo-octa-1,5-diene ligand, three chloride ligands in a fac arrangement, and one aceto-nitrile ligand. Attempts to devise a rational synthesis for the title compound were unsuccessful.

Apparent diffusion coefficient is highly reproducible on preclinical imaging systems: Evidence from a seven-center multivendor study.

Purpose: To evaluate between-site agreement of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) measurements in preclinical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) systems.

Materials And Methods: A miniaturized thermally stable ice-water phantom was devised. ADC (mean and interquartile range) was measured over several days, on 4.

Acute Sodium Ingestion Before Exercise Increases Voluntary Water Consumption Resulting In Preexercise Hyperhydration and Improvement in Exercise Performance in the Heat.

Dehydration has been shown to hinder performance of sustained exercise in the heat. Consuming fluids before exercise can result in hyperhydration, delay the onset of dehydration during exercise and improve exercise performance. However, humans normally drink only in response to thirst, which does not result in hyperhydration.

Effects of exercise timing on sleep architecture and nocturnal blood pressure in prehypertensives.

Background: During nocturnal sleep, blood pressure (BP) "dips" compared to diurnal BP, reducing stress on the cardiovascular system. Both the hypotensive response elicited by acute aerobic exercise and sleep quality can impact this dipping response.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of aerobic exercise timing on circadian BP changes and sleep architecture.