A non-synonymous coding variant (L616F) in the TLR5 gene is potentially associated with Crohn's disease and influences responses to bacterial flagellin.

Background And Objectives: Although numerous studies have implicated TLR5, or its ligands, bacterial flagellins, in the pathogenesis of Crohn's disease (CD), genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have not reported associations with the TLR5 gene. We aimed to examine potential CD-associated TLR5 variants and assess whether they modified inflammatory responses to bacterial flagellins.

Methods And Principal Results: A two-stage study was carried out.

Proton pump inhibitors for irritable infants.

Question: Crying is common in infants; however, caring for infants with inconsolable crying, previously also known as colic or reflux, is often extremely distressing for parents. Is there a benefit to using gastric acid suppression (eg, proton pump inhibitors [PPIs]) in these infants?

Answer: The use of PPIs in infants and children has increased in recent years. The efficacy of proton pump inhibitors has not been demonstrated in the treatment of irritability and excessive crying in otherwise healthy infants younger than 3 months of age.

A randomized trial of yoga for adolescents with irritable bowel syndrome.

Background: Adolescents with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) frequently experience interference with everyday activities. Mind-body approaches such as yoga have been recommended as interventions for patients with IBS. Despite promising results among adult samples, there have been limited studies exploring the efficacy of yoga with pediatric patients.

Comparison of multidetector CT and barium studies of the small bowel: inflammatory bowel disease in children.

Objective: We compared barium studies of the small bowel with multidetector CT (MDCT) in the evaluation of the small bowel during the initial presentation of inflammatory bowel disease in a pediatric population.

Subjects And Methods: This was a prospective study. Eighteen children undergoing workup for inflammatory bowel disease underwent MDCT, colonoscopy, and barium studies of the small bowel before commencement of therapy.

Gastric polyps and nodules in children receiving long-term omeprazole therapy.

Objective: Multiple gastric polyps have been reported to occur in adults receiving omeprazole therapy. There are little published data in children. We report our experience in monitoring the gross and histologic appearance of the stomach in children receiving long-term omeprazole therapy.