Phenotyping heart failure using model-based analysis and physiology-informed machine learning.

To phenotype mechanistic differences between heart failure with reduced (HFrEF) and preserved (HFpEF) ejection fraction, a closed-loop model of the cardiovascular system coupled with patient-specific transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) and right heart catheterization (RHC) data was used to identify key parameters representing haemodynamics. Thirty-one patient records (10 HFrEF, 21 HFpEF) were obtained from the Cardiovascular Health Improvement Project database at the University of Michigan. Model simulations were tuned to match RHC and TTE pressure, volume, and cardiac output measurements in each patient.

Usefulness of Echocardiography/Doppler to Reliably Predict Elevated Left Ventricular End-Diastolic Pressure in Patients With Pulmonary Hypertension.

The ability of echocardiography (echo)/Doppler to predict elevated left ventricular (LV) end-diastolic pressure (EDP) specifically among patients with pulmonary hypertension is not well defined. This was a retrospective analysis of 161 patients referred to a specialized pulmonary hypertension clinic. A model based on an American Society of Echocardiography (ASE)/European Association of Echocardiography (EAE) joint statement was evaluated, and a new model was developed using univariate linear regression and multivariable logistic regression for potentially better prediction of elevated LVEDP.

Testing the generality of above-ground biomass allometry across plant functional types at the continent scale.

Accurate ground-based estimation of the carbon stored in terrestrial ecosystems is critical to quantifying the global carbon budget. Allometric models provide cost-effective methods for biomass prediction. But do such models vary with ecoregion or plant functional type? We compiled 15 054 measurements of individual tree or shrub biomass from across Australia to examine the generality of allometric models for above-ground biomass prediction.

Hind paw incision in the rat produces long-lasting colon hypersensitivity.

Unlabelled: Visceral injury has been shown to alter somatic sensitivity, but little is known about the effect of somatic insult on the viscera. In the present study, we examined (1) the effect of colon inflammation on somatic sensitivity and (2) the affect of hind paw incision on colon sensitivity. After intracolonic administration of trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS) or zymosan, visceromotor responses to colorectal distension were increased to post-treatment day 8.