Are healthier diets more sustainable? A cross-sectional assessment of 8 diet quality indexes and 7 sustainability metrics.

Background: A comparison of commonly used diet quality indexes (DQIs) and their association with multiple indicators of sustainability has not been performed, which limits policy action.

Objectives: To evaluate the associations between 8 DQIs and 7 sustainability indicators in a nationally representative sample in the United States.

Methods: In this cross-sectional analysis, dietary data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2011-2018, n = 18,522 ≥20 y) were merged with data on greenhouse gas emissions (GHGE), cumulative energy demand (CED), water scarcity footprint (WSF), land, fertilizer nutrients, pesticides, and food prices from multiple publicly available databases.

Foodprint 2.0: A computational simulation model that estimates the agricultural resource requirements of diet patterns.

Reducing the environmental pressures stemming from food production is central to meeting global sustainability targets. Shifting diets represents one lever for improving food system sustainability, and identifying sustainable diet opportunities requires computational models to represent complex systems and allow users to evaluate counterfactual scenarios. Despite an increase in the number of food system sustainability models, there remains a lack of transparency of data inputs and mathematical formulas to facilitate replication by researchers and application by diverse stakeholders.

Aquatic food loss and waste rate in the United States is half of earlier estimates.

Food loss and waste (FLW) is a major challenge to food system sustainability, including aquatic foods. We investigated aquatic FLW in the food supply of the United States, the largest importer of aquatic food globally, using primary and secondary data and life cycle methodology. We show that there are significant differences in FLW among species, production technology, origin and stage of supply chain.

Micronutrient intake from three popular diet patterns in the United States: modeled replacement of foods highest in added sugar and sodium using the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2005-2018.

Introduction: Fifty-two percent of adults in the United States reported following a popular diet pattern in 2022, yet there is limited information on daily micronutrient intakes associated with these diet patterns. The objective of the present study was to model the impact on micronutrient intake when foods highest in added sugar and sodium were replaced with healthier alternatives to align with the Dietary Guidelines for Americans recommendations.

Methods: Dietary data were acquired from 34,411 adults ≥ 20 y in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2005-2018.

Measurement of the Induced Magnetic Polarisation of Rotated-Domain Graphene Grown on Co Film with Polarised Neutron Reflectivity.

In this paper, we determine the magnetic moment induced in graphene when grown on a cobalt film using polarised neutron reflectivity (PNR). A magnetic signal in the graphene was detected by X-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) spectra at the C -edge. From the XMCD sum rules an estimated magnetic moment of 0.

Greater adherence to the Dietary Guidelines for Americans is associated with lower diet-related greenhouse gas emissions but higher costs.

Introduction: Few studies have evaluated the sustainability of popular diet patterns in the US, which limits policy action and impedes consumer efficacy to make sustainable dietary changes. This study filled this gap by evaluating the relationship between diet quality, greenhouse gas emissions (GHGE), and diet cost for plant-based, restricted carbohydrate, low grain, low fat, and time restricted diet patterns.

Methods: Dietary data were retrieved from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2011-2018,  = 8,146) and linked with data on GHGE and food prices from publicly available databases.

Dairy and Plant-Based Milks: Implications for Nutrition and Planetary Health.

Purpose Of Review: Dairy milk products are dominant in the market; however, plant-based milks are gaining prominence among USA consumers. Many questions remain about how plant-based milk products compare to dairy milk from a nutrition, public health, and planetary health perspective. Here, we compare the retail sales, nutrient profiles, and known health and environmental impacts of the production and consumption of dairy and plant-based milks and identify knowledge gaps for future studies.

Determining the Proximity Effect-Induced Magnetic Moment in Graphene by Polarized Neutron Reflectivity and X-ray Magnetic Circular Dichroism.

We report the magnitude of the induced magnetic moment in CVD-grown epitaxial and rotated-domain graphene in proximity with a ferromagnetic Ni film, using polarized neutron reflectivity (PNR) and X-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD). The XMCD spectra at the C -edge confirm the presence of a magnetic signal in the graphene layer, and the sum rules give a magnetic moment of up to ∼0.47 μ/C atom induced in the graphene layer.

Greenhouse gas emissions, cost, and diet quality of specific diet patterns in the United States.

Background: Major policy agendas are calling for accelerated investment in research that addresses the impact of diet patterns on multiple domains of sustainability.

Objectives: To evaluate the comparative greenhouse gas emissions, diet cost, and diet quality of plant-based, low-grain, restricted carbohydrate, low-fat, and time-restricted diet patterns on a daily per capita basis.

Methods: Dietary data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2013-2016, n = 4025) were merged with data on greenhouse gas emissions (GHGEs) and food prices from multiple databases.

Consumption of Key Food Groups by Individuals Consuming Popular Diet Patterns: Mixed Effects of Replacing Foods High in Added Sugar, Sodium, Saturated Fat, and Refined Grains.

Adults in the United States are increasingly following 'popular' diet patterns that restrict food groups, macronutrients, or eating time. However, the intake of food groups associated with these diet patterns has not been well characterized. The objectives of this study were to (1) characterize the mean intake of food groups among consumers of popular diet patterns in the US, and (2) model the effect of targeted food substitutions on the intake of food groups.

Retail Purchases of Red and Processed Meat by State in the United States.

The specific aim was to characterize retail purchases of red and processed meat and other major protein-rich foods in the U.S. and by state.

Affordability influences nutritional quality of seafood consumption among income and race/ethnicity groups in the United States.

Background: The 2020 US Dietary Guidelines for Americans recommend that the US population consume more seafood. Most analyses of seafood consumption ignore heterogeneity in consumption patterns by species, nutritional content, production methods, and price, which have implications for applying recommendations.

Objectives: We assessed seafood intake among adults by socioeconomic and demographic groups, as well as the cost of seafood at retail to identify affordable and nutritious options.

How can mating systems inform future biobanking strategies? An illustration using two Indonesian bovids, banteng (Bos javanicus) and lowland anoa (Bubalus depressicornis).

Storing cryopreserved spermatozoa in a genome resource bank safeguards against the loss of heterozygosity in endangered species and provides opportunities to reincorporate genes into populations through the application of assisted reproductive technologies. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the effect of breeding strategy on ejaculate characteristics to illustrate how this information may be used to select appropriate methods for the storage and use of cryopreserved sperm. In the present study, ejaculates from a polygynous bovid, banteng (Bos javanicus), were characterized (motility 72.

China's seafood imports-Not for domestic consumption?

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Consumer Seafood Waste and the Potential of a 'Direct-from-Frozen' Approach to Prevention.

Few food waste interventions focus on drivers distinct to particular food groups, such as seafood. Given suggestive evidence that seafood may be wasted at exceptionally high rates, and given its environmental, economic and nutritional value, this research provides insights into seafood-specific consumer food waste interventions. We performed three complementary sub-studies to examine consumer and retailer views regarding seafood waste and frozen seafood as well as perceptions of an intervention providing chef-created recipes to promote cooking frozen seafood without defrosting.

Patterns of Legume Purchases and Consumption in the United States.

Legumes are an inexpensive, healthy source of protein, fiber, and micronutrients, have low greenhouse gas and water footprints, and enrich soil through nitrogen fixation. Although higher legume consumption is recommended under US dietary guidelines, legumes currently comprise only a minor part of the US diet. To characterize the types of legumes most commonly purchased by US consumers and patterns of legume purchases by state and region, seasonality of legume purchases, and to characterize adults that have a higher intake of legumes.

PERINATAL CENTRILOBULAR HEPATIC NECROSIS IN GIANT PANDAS (): A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY.

Between 1983 and 2012, six giant panda cubs () born at a zoological institution were stillborn or died between the ages of 3 and 200 h. Two of the six cubs had panhepatic centrilobular hepatic necrosis (CHN), granulocytic extramedullary hematopoiesis (GEM), positive liver culture for species, and terminal liver failure. Another low-weight cub was administered oxygen therapy immediately after birth and developed hyaline membranes in air spaces and hepatic necrosis restricted to the hilar region.

The three-dimensional construction of leaves is coordinated with water use efficiency in conifers.

Conifers prevail in the canopies of many terrestrial biomes, holding a great ecological and economic importance globally. Current increases in temperature and aridity are imposing high transpirational demands and resulting in conifer mortality. Therefore, identifying leaf structural determinants of water use efficiency is essential for predicting physiological impacts due to environmental variation.

Rapid adaptation to crisis events: Insights from the bait crisis in the Maine lobster fishery.

Climate change, overfishing, and other anthropogenic drivers are forcing marine resource users and decision makers to adapt-often rapidly. In this article we introduce the concept of pathways to rapid adaptation to crisis events to bring attention to the double-edged role that institutions play in simultaneously enabling and constraining swift responses to emerging crises. To develop this concept, we draw on empirical evidence from a case study of the iconic Maine lobster (Homarus americanus) industry.

Dural Tear Does not Increase the Rate of Venous Thromboembolic Disease in Patients Undergoing Elective Lumbar Decompression with Instrumented Fusion.

Objective: Evaluate if dural tears (DTs) are an indirect risk factor for venous thromboembolic disease through increased recumbency in patients undergoing elective lumbar decompression and instrumented fusion.

Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study of consecutive patients undergoing elective lumbar decompression and instrumented fusion at a single institution between 2016 and 2019. Patients were divided into cohorts: those who sustained a dural tear and those who did not.

The roles of conduit redundancy and connectivity in xylem hydraulic functions.

Wood anatomical traits shape a xylem segment's hydraulic efficiency and resistance to embolism spread due to declining water potential. It has been known for decades that variations in conduit connectivity play a role in altering xylem hydraulics. However, evaluating the precise effect of conduit connectivity has been elusive.