Effectiveness of a CBT Intervention for Persistent Insomnia and Hypnotic Dependency in an Outpatient Psychiatry Clinic.

Objective: To test cognitive-behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) in patients who not only receive psychiatric treatment in a outpatient psychiatry clinic but also continue to experience chronic insomnia despite receiving pharmacological treatment for sleep. CBT-I included an optional module for discontinuing hypnotic medications.

Method: Patients were randomized to 5 sessions of individual CBT-I (n = 13) or treatment as usual (n = 10).

Adolescent crash rates and school start times in two central Virginia counties, 2009-2011: a follow-up study to a southeastern Virginia study, 2007-2008.

Background And Objective: Early high school start times (EHSST) may lead to sleep loss in adolescents ("teens"), thus resulting in higher crash rates. (Vorona et al., 2011).

Effects of obstructive sleep apnea on sleep quality, cognition, and driving performance in patients with cirrhosis.

Background & Aims: In patients with cirrhosis, sleep disturbances are assumed to result from hepatic encephalopathy (HE). The effects of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) on cognition, sleep parameters, or driving in patients with cirrhosis are unclear.

Methods: We performed a cross-sectional and prospective study of 118 subjects.

Cardiac myxoma causing acute ischemic stroke in a pediatric patient and a review of literature.

Background: Ischemic stroke in the pediatric population is a rare occurrence, and its possible causes span a wide differential that includes atrial myxomas. Myxomas are friable cardiac tumors that produce "showers" of emboli resulting in transient neurological deficits, cutaneous eruptions, and ophthalmologic deficits.

Patient: We present an 11-year-old boy with a months-long history of an intermittent spotted "rash" who presented with acute ischemic stroke caused by a left atrial myxoma.

Efficacy of a cognitive-behavioral treatment for insomnia and nightmares in Afghanistan and Iraq veterans with PTSD.

Objective: Sleep disturbances are a core and salient feature of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Pilot studies have indicated that combined cognitive-behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) and imagery rehearsal therapy (IRT) for nightmares improves sleep as well as PTSD symptoms.

Method: The present study randomized 40 combat veterans (mean age 37.

Effect of obstructive sleep apnea on the sleep architecture in cirrhosis.

Study Objectives: Sleep disturbances in cirrhosis are assumed to be due to hepatic encephalopathy (HE). The interaction between cirrhosis, prior HE, and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) has not been evaluated. We aimed to evaluate the additional effect of cirrhosis with and without prior HE on the sleep architecture and perceived sleep disturbances of OSA patients.

The discrepancy between subjective and objective measures of sleep in older adults receiving CBT for comorbid insomnia.

Objective: To examine the effect of cognitive-behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) on the underreporting of sleep relative to objective measurement, a common occurrence among individuals with insomnia.

Method: Pre-treatment and post-treatment self-report measures of sleep were compared with those obtained from home-based polysomnography (PSG) in 60 adults (mean age = 69.17; 42 women) with comorbid insomnia.

Antiepileptic drugs: expanded options and improved tolerance.

Five new antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) have been approved in the last five years and several new formulations and new dose strengths for both the classical and newer agents exist. Patients arriving for neurodiagnostic studies are often on complex regimens with medications being weaned and new agents being added. All technologists need a working knowledge of the known mechanisms and indications for these drugs in addition to an understanding of their potential adverse effects.