Enticing Dimples: A Novel Observational Study Comparing the Preexisting Landmarks for Facial Dimple Creation Using 3D-Scanned Facial Images.

 Dimpleplasty, a cosmetic procedure for creating dimples, is gaining popularity. However, the ideal site for dimple creation remains subjective. This study aimed to determine the optimal dimple placement using a three-dimensional (3D) model, reviewing panelists' preferences based on facial proportions and average ratings.

Pharmacists' Perspectives on Nicotine Vaping Products (NVPs) for Smoking Cessation in Australia: A Qualitative Analysis.

Vaping, particularly the use of nicotine vaping products (NVPs), has emerged as a public health concern. The regulatory environment surrounding NVPs in Australia has rapidly evolved, shifting from a prescription-only model to availability through community pharmacies. Pharmacists play a critical role in addressing vaping-related health concerns.

Distal infusion stomal enteroclysis: An effective technique to manage postoperative enterostomal output.

Background: High output enterostomy leads to malnutrition and fluid/electrolyte loss which may be challenging to manage despite dietary modification, anti-motility, anti-secretory drugs, and parenteral nutrition. Distal infusion stomal enteroclysis (DISE) is an alternative to restore nutritional deficit and replace parenteral nutrition in resource-limited settings where treatment cost and availability of trained nurses are limiting factors.

Objective: To assess the effectiveness and feasibility of DISE in managing postoperative enterostomal output.

OCTA-ReVA: an open-source toolbox for comprehensive retinal vessel feature analysis in optical coherence tomography angiography.

Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) has significantly advanced the study and diagnosis of eye diseases. However, current clinical OCTA systems and software tools lack comprehensive quantitative analysis capabilities, limiting their full clinical utility. This paper introduces the OCTA Retinal Vessel Analyzer (OCTA-ReVA), a versatile open-source platform featuring a user-friendly graphical interface designed for the automated extraction and quantitative analysis of OCTA features.

Ultrasound innovations in abdominal radiology: techniques and clinical applications in pediatric imaging.

Contrast-enhanced ultrasound, microvascular imaging, elastography, and fat quantification have varying degrees of utility, with some applications in the pediatric setting mirroring that in adults and having unique uses when applied to children in others. This review will present novel ultrasound technologies and the clinical context in which they are applied to the pediatric abdomen. New ultrasound technologies have a broad range of applications in clinical practice and represent a powerful diagnostic tool with the potential to replace other imaging modalities, such as magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography, in specific cases.

Differential Capillary and Large Vessel Analysis Improves OCTA Classification of Diabetic Retinopathy.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the impact of distinctive capillary-large vessel (CLV) analysis in optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) on the classification performance of diabetic retinopathy (DR).

Methods: This multicenter study analyzed 212 OCTA images from 146 patients, including 28 controls, 36 diabetic patients without DR (NoDR), 31 with mild non-proliferative DR (NPDR), 28 with moderate NPDR, and 23 with severe NPDR. Quantitative features were derived from the whole image as well as the parafovea and perifovea regions.

Assessing spectral effectiveness in color fundus photography for deep learning classification of retinopathy of prematurity.

Significance: Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) poses a significant global threat to childhood vision, necessitating effective screening strategies. This study addresses the impact of color channels in fundus imaging on ROP diagnosis, emphasizing the efficacy and safety of utilizing longer wavelengths, such as red or green for enhanced depth information and improved diagnostic capabilities.

Aim: This study aims to assess the spectral effectiveness in color fundus photography for the deep learning classification of ROP.

A Path to High-Value Gastric Cancer Surgery Care Delivery.

Objective: To evaluate the feasibility, safety, and effectiveness of a comprehensive regional program, including the Minimally Invasive Recovery and Empowerment Care (MIREC) pathway, that can significantly reduce hospital stays after laparoscopic gastrectomy without increasing adverse events.

Background: Cost-effectiveness and improving patient outcomes are crucial in providing quality gastric cancer care worldwide.

Methods: To compare the outcomes of gastric cancer surgery using 2 different models of care within an integrated healthcare system from February 2012 to March 2023.

Differential artery-vein analysis improves the OCTA classification of diabetic retinopathy.

This study investigates the impact of differential artery-vein (AV) analysis in optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) on machine learning classification of diabetic retinopathy (DR). Leveraging deep learning for arterial-venous area (AVA) segmentation, six quantitative features, including perfusion intensity density (PID), blood vessel density (BVD), vessel area flux (VAF), blood vessel caliber (BVC), blood vessel tortuosity (BVT), and vessel perimeter index (VPI) features, were derived from OCTA images before and after AV differentiation. A support vector machine (SVM) classifier was utilized to assess both binary and multiclass classifications of control, diabetic patients without DR (NoDR), mild DR, moderate DR, and severe DR groups.

Colour fusion effect on deep learning classification of uveal melanoma.

Background: Reliable differentiation of uveal melanoma and choroidal nevi is crucial to guide appropriate treatment, preventing unnecessary procedures for benign lesions and ensuring timely treatment for potentially malignant cases. The purpose of this study is to validate deep learning classification of uveal melanoma and choroidal nevi, and to evaluate the effect of colour fusion options on the classification performance.

Methods: A total of 798 ultra-widefield retinal images of 438 patients were included in this retrospective study, comprising 157 patients diagnosed with UM and 281 patients diagnosed with choroidal naevus.

Trends in functional outcome measures in orthopedic oncology.

The purpose of this study was to identify trends in the use of functional outcome measures within orthopedic oncology. The search engine, PubMed, was reviewed for all articles over an 11-year period from 2011 to 2021 from five major journals that publish in the field of orthopedic oncology. The functional outcome measures used in the articles were recorded along with study date, study design, clinical topic/pathology, and level of evidence.

Adaptive vessel tracing and segmentation in OCT enables the robust detection of wall-to-lumen ratio abnormalities in 5xFAD mice.

The wall-to-lumen ratio (WLR) of retinal blood vessels promises a sensitive marker for the physiological assessment of eye conditions. However, measurement of vessel wall thickness and lumen diameter is still technically challenging, hindering the wide application of WLR in research and clinical settings. In this study, we demonstrate the feasibility of using optical coherence tomography (OCT) as one practical method for quantification of WLR in the retina.

Global incidence of adverse clinical events in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background/aims: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is associated with a multitude of adverse outcomes. We aimed to estimate the pooled incidence of NAFLD-related adverse events.

Methods: We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies of adults with NAFLD to evaluate the pooled incidence of adverse events.

Small Cell Cervical Carcinoma in Pregnancy: Therapeutic Options for an Aggressive Cancer Diagnosis.

Neuroendocrine small cell cervical carcinoma is an aggressive cancer which accounts for approximately 1 to 3% of all cervical neoplasms. Therapy must be altered in pregnancy to optimize maternal-fetal outcomes. A 39-year-old woman presented for a routine prenatal visit and was noted to have a grossly abnormal cervix.

Evaluating spatial dependency of the spectral efficiency in trans-palpebral illumination for widefield fundus photography.

Multi-spectral widefield fundus photography is valuable for the clinical diagnosis and management of ocular conditions that may impact both central and peripheral regions of the retina and choroid. Trans-palpebral illumination has been demonstrated as an alternative to transpupillary illumination for widefield fundus photography without requiring pupil dilation. However, spectral efficiency can be complicated due to the spatial variance of the light property through the palpebra and sclera.

Color Fusion Effect on Deep Learning Classification of Uveal Melanoma.

Background: Reliable differentiation of uveal melanoma and choroidal nevi is crucial to guide appropriate treatment, preventing unnecessary procedures for benign lesions and ensuring timely treatment for potentially malignant cases. The purpose of this study is to validate deep learning classification of uveal melanoma and choroidal nevi, and to evaluate the effect of color fusion options on the classification performance.

Methods: A total of 798 ultra-widefield retinal images of 438 patients were included in this retrospective study, comprising 157 patients diagnosed with UM and 281 patients diagnosed with choroidal nevus.

Analyzing an immunization resource website: User browsing trends.

Purpose: Access to internet-based resources may help to improve population health awareness and literacy surrounding immunization related topics. The primary aim of this study was to evaluate and analyze trends for a single immunization resource website, the Melbourne Vaccine Education Centre (MVEC).

Principal Results: Over a four-year period from 2019 to 2022, the website had over 2 million visitors from 236 countries.

Optimizing the OCTA layer fusion option for deep learning classification of diabetic retinopathy.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate layer fusion options for deep learning classification of optical coherence tomography (OCT) angiography (OCTA) images. A convolutional neural network (CNN) end-to-end classifier was utilized to classify OCTA images from healthy control subjects and diabetic patients with no retinopathy (NoDR) and non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR). For each eye, three en-face OCTA images were acquired from the superficial capillary plexus (SCP), deep capillary plexus (DCP), and choriocapillaris (CC) layers.

Recurrent Metastatic Colorectal Adenocarcinoma to the Thyroid Gland Presenting With Vocal Cord Paralysis and Inspiratory Stridor.

The most common sites for metastases of colorectal cancer include the liver, lungs, brain, and regional lymph nodes. However, a limited number of reported cases describe colon cancer metastasis to the thyroid gland. Metastatic colorectal adenocarcinoma to the thyroid gland is rare.

Deep learning for artery-vein classification in optical coherence tomography angiography.

Major retinopathies can differentially impact the arteries and veins. Traditional fundus photography provides limited resolution for visualizing retinal vascular details. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) can provide improved resolution for retinal imaging.

Metastatic Seeding of Abdominal Wall After Drainage of Perforated Colorectal Cancer in a Presumed Complicated Diverticular Disease.

A 37-year-old male presented multiple times for abdominal pain with a persistent diverticular abscess on imaging that was managed previously with antibiotics and percutaneous drainages. Due to unrelenting abdominal pain and multiple presentations of unresolved acute complicated diverticulitis, the patient underwent an exploratory laparotomy. A colonic mass was discovered, and the patient had a colonic resection.

KIBRA repairs synaptic plasticity and promotes resilience to tauopathy-related memory loss.

Synaptic plasticity is obstructed by pathogenic tau in the brain, representing a key mechanism that underlies memory loss in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and related tauopathies. Here, we define a mechanism for plasticity repair in vulnerable neurons using the C-terminus of the KIdney/BRAin (KIBRA) protein (CT-KIBRA). We show that CT-KIBRA restores plasticity and memory in transgenic mice expressing pathogenic human tau; however, CT-KIBRA did not alter tau levels or prevent tau-induced synapse loss.

Characterization of the gut microbiome in an osteosarcoma mouse model.

Compelling evidence has mounted surrounding the relationship between the gut microbiome and many intestinal and extraintestinal cancers. Few studies exist investigating the relationship between the gut microbiome and sarcoma. We hypothesize that the presence of distant osteosarcoma induces change to the profile of flora within the mouse.