A comparison of behavioral and emotional functioning in children and adolescents with Autistic Disorder and PDD-NOS.

Behavioral symptomatology was compared in 26 children and adolescents with Autistic Disorder ("autism") and 25 children and adolescents with Pervasive Developmental Disorder, Not Otherwise Specified ("PDD-NOS"). Relative to individuals with PDD-NOS, those with autism had more symptoms of depression, social withdrawal, atypical behavior, and immature social skills--and fewer family problems. These differences remained even when group differences in intellectual ability were statistically controlled.

Self-report problem scales and subscales and behavioral ratings provided by peers: unique evidence of test validity.

The relationship between children's self-reported problems on the Personality Inventory for Youth (PIY) and peer descriptors derived from the Pupil Evaluation Inventory was examined in a regular education sample of 156 children in fourth through eighth grade. The relative contributions of the PIY scales and subscales to the prediction of peer ratings were compared. Peer ratings of withdrawn, disruptive, and prosocial behaviors were substantially correlated to self-report problem scales made up of logically related content.

Effects of methylphenidate treatment in children with mental retardation and ADHD: individual variation in medication response.

Objective: Individual variation in cognitive and behavioral response to methylphenidate (MPH) was investigated in children with mental retardation and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.

Method: Twenty-four children (mean age 10.9 years, SD = 2.

Treatment effects of methylphenidate on cognitive functioning in children with mental retardation and ADHD.

Objective: Cognitive effects of stimulant medication were investigated in children with mental retardation (MR) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).

Method: Performance on tasks tapping sustained attention, visual and auditory selective attention, inhibition, and immediate memory was assessed for 24 children (mean age 10.9 years) during a placebo-controlled, double-blind, crossover treatment trial with 0.

Hemophilia Growth and Development Study: caregiver report of youth and family adjustment to HIV disease and immunologic compromise.

Objective: To assess differences in caregiver report of youth and family psychosocial adjustment associated with HIV infection and greater immune compromise in youths with hemophilia.

Methods: Caregivers of 162 boys with hemophilia 8 to 20 years old completed three youth and family questionnaires (Personality Inventory for Children, Revised [PIC-R]; Questionnaire on Resources and Stress [QRS]; Family Environment Scale).

Results: Caregivers of HIV positive (HIV+) youths reported greater health concerns, social withdrawal (PIC-R), physical and adaptive limitations associated with illness (QRS) in their sons, and more pessimism about their sons' future and negative attitudes about parenting (QRS).

Treatment effects of methylphenidate on behavioral adjustment in children with mental retardation and ADHD.

Objective: The effects of stimulant medication treatment were investigated in children with mental retardation (MR) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).

Method: Parent and teacher behavioral ratings and reports of side effects were obtained for children (N = 24, mean age = 10.9 years, SD = 2.