Injury risk-factor differences between two golf swing styles: a biomechanical analysis of the lumbar spine, hip and knee.

The golf swing has been associated with mechanical injury risk factors at many joints. One swing, the Minimalist Golf Swing, was hypothesised to reduce lumbar spine, lead hip, and lead knee ranges of motion and peak net joint moments, while affecting swing performance, compared to golfers' existing swings. Existing and MGS swings of 15 golfers with handicaps ranging from +2 to -20 were compared.

Cardiorespiratory responses to acute bouts of high-intensity functional training and traditional exercise in physically active adults.

Background: High-intensity functional training is a popular form of exercise, but little is known about how it compares to more traditional exercise patterns.

Methods: Thirty healthy, physically active adults (15 males, 15 females) performed a high-intensity functional training workout (HIFT) and a traditional workout (TRAD). Cardiorespiratory responses were measured during and for 15 min after each workout.

Impact of Menopause and Body Composition Status on Dyslipidemia in Women.

The aim of this study was to identify the effects of menopausal and body composition statuses on measures of total and regional body composition and dyslipidemia in women. Sedentary, non-smoking women (N = 212), not currently treated for dyslipidemia were grouped based on 2 categories: (1) menstrual status: premenopausal or postmenopausal and (2) body composition status: normal weight (NW; BMI < 25 kg/m² and body fat (BF) < 36%), normal weight obese (NWO; BMI < 25 kg/m² and BF > 36%), or obese (BMI > 25 kg/m² and BF > 36%), to determine differences in total and regional body composition and measures of lipid and lipoprotein-cholesterol concentrations. Overall, a greater prevalence of NWO was observed in postmenopausal versus premenopausal women.

Changes in Motor Skill Proficiency After Equine-Assisted Activities and Brain-Building Tasks in Youth With Neurodevelopmental Disorders.

There is a lack of current research to support the efficacy of a combination of equine-assisted activities (EAA) and brain building activities to influence motor skill competencies in youth with neurodevelopmental disorders (ND). The primary objective of this study was to quantify changes in motor skill proficiency before and after 8 weeks of EAA and brain-building activities in youth with ND. A secondary objective was to quantify changes in motor skill proficiency before and after 1 year of EAA and brain-building activities in youth with ND.

Physiological and Fitness Adaptations after Eight Weeks of High-Intensity Functional Training in Physically Inactive Adults.

The purpose of this study was to characterize high-intensity functional training (HIFT) in physically inactive adults. Four men and 10 women who were inexperienced with HIFT and not performing regular physical activity performed HIFT 3 days/week for 8 weeks. Health and fitness measures were assessed before and after the intervention.

Acute Cardiometabolic Responses to Three Modes of Treadmill Exercise in Older Adults With Parkinson's Disease.

The purpose of this study was to compare acute cardiometabolic responses to 3 modes of treadmill exercise in adults diagnosed with Parkinson's disease (PD). Eight elderly adults with PD (67.9 ± 3.

The Effect of Whole-Body Vibration on Lower-Body Resistance Detraining in College-Age Women.

Purpose: This study explored the effect of whole-body vibration (WBV) using accelerations of 2.56 g to 7.68 g on lower-body detraining.

Cardiorespiratory responses during aquatic treadmill exercise and land treadmill exercise in older adults with type 2 diabetes.

Background: The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of aquatic treadmill exercise (ATM) to land treadmill exercise (LTM) in adults with and without type 2 diabetes (T2D).

Methods: Five participants with T2D (4 females, 1 male; age=51±3 years; height=170±3 cm; weight=96±11 kg; body fat=32±1%) and five participants without T2D (4 females, 1 male; age=51±3 years; height=170±3 cm; weight=71±15 kg; body fat=27±2%) completed the study. Participants completed three, 5-minute stages of exercise at 3.

Use of technology to facilitate physical activity in children with autism spectrum disorders: A pilot study.

Deficits in social behavior and communication skills are correlated with reduced gross motor skills in children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). The ExerciseBuddy application (EB app) was designed to communicate these motor skills to those with ASD and integrates evidence-based practices such as visual support and video modeling supported by The National Professional Development Center on Autism Spectrum Disorders. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of the EB app in facilitating increased physiologic responses to physical activity via a continuous measurement of energy expenditure and heart rate versus practice-style teaching methods in children with ASD.

Prior Exercise Does Not Reduce Postprandial Lipemia Following a Mixed Glucose Meal When Compared with a Mixed Fructose Meal.

This study examined the effect of prior exercise on postprandial lipemia (PPL) concentration following a mixed meal (MM) made with either glucose or fructose. Sedentary women completed four trials in random order: 1) Rest-Fructose: RF, 2) Rest-Glucose: RG, 3) Exercise-Fructose: EF, 4) Exercise-Glucose: EG. Exercise expended 500 kcal while walking at 70%VO.

Niacin increased glucose, insulin, and C-peptide levels in sedentary nondiabetic postmenopausal women.

The current study examined the effects of niacin and a single bout of aerobic exercise on plasma glucose, insulin, and C-peptide in sedentary, nondiabetic postmenopausal women. As a crossover design, 17 participants underwent four different trials: rest during the no-niacin condition (R), exercise during the no-niacin condition (E), rest during the with-niacin condition (RN), and exercise during the with-niacin condition (EN). All participants took 1,000 mg/day of extended-release niacin for 4 weeks during the with-niacin conditions (RN and EN).

The effects of two bouts of high- and low-volume resistance exercise on glucose tolerance in normoglycemic women.

The purpose of the study was to determine the efficacy of a low-volume, moderate-intensity bout of resistance exercise (RE) on glucose, insulin, and C-peptide responses during an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) in untrained women compared with a bout of high-volume RE of the same intensity. Ten women (age 30.1 ± 9.

Responses of blood lipids and lipoproteins to extended-release niacin and exercise in sedentary postmenopausal women.

Niacin and exercise positively alter blood lipids and lipoproteins via different mechanisms. However, the effects of niacin combined with exercise on blood lipid and lipoprotein profiles have not been investigated in sedentary postmenopausal women. The current study examined the responses of blood lipids and lipoproteins to niacin and exercise in 18 sedentary postmenopausal women, who underwent four conditions: no-niacin rest, no-niacin exercise, niacin rest, and niacin exercise.

Impact of curriculum-based bone loading and nutrition education program on bone accrual in children.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of jumping activities and nutrition education on bone accretion in prepubescents. Fourth-grade children were divided into four groups: jumping (n = 61), nutrition (n = 9), jumping plus nutrition (n = 14), and control (n = 28). Interventions spanned the fourth and fifth grade academic years.

Mothers of preschoolers report using less pressure in child feeding situations following a newsletter intervention.

Objective: To determine the impact of written intervention materials on child feeding practices of mothers and on physical activity behaviors of preschoolers.

Design: Mothers were divided into 3 groups: newsletter (n = 30), booklet (n = 31), and control (n = 31). Questionnaires were completed before and after a 12-week intervention.

Bone density and young athletic women. An update.

High-school girls and collegiate women have tremendous opportunities to participate in athletic teams. Young girls are also playing in club and select teams at an early age and often, year-round. There are many benefits for participating in sport and physical activity on both the physical and mental health of girls and women.

Lower bone mass detected at femoral neck and lumbar spine in lower-weight vs normal-weight small-boned women.

Sixty-one nonsmoking, healthy, young, menstruating women aged 18 to 30 years generally considered at peak skeletal bone mass were screened for diseases and drugs known to adversely affect bone mineral density (BMD). Anthropometric measures, BMD of the lumbar spine (LS) and femoral neck (FN), exercise time, selected nutrient, and energy intake were compared. The women were categorized by frame size and body mass index (BMI), with the upper range for normal weight (NW) being BMI 23.