Restrictive Spirometric Pattern and Preserved Ratio Impaired Spirometry in a Population Aged 50-64 Years.

Knowledge regarding the prevalence and shared and unique characteristics of the restrictive spirometric pattern (RSP) and preserved ratio impaired spirometry (PRISm) is lacking for a general population investigated with post-bronchodilator spirometry and computed tomography of the lungs. To investigate shared and unique features for RSP and PRISm. In the Swedish CArdioPulmonary bioImage Study (SCAPIS), a general population sample of 28,555 people aged 50-64 years (including 14,558 never-smokers) was assessed.

Wall shear stress measured with 4D flow CMR correlates with biomarkers of inflammation and collagen synthesis in mild-to-moderate ascending aortic dilation and tricuspid aortic valves.

Aims: Understanding the mechanisms underlying ascending aortic dilation is imperative for refined risk stratification of these patients, particularly among incidentally identified patients, most commonly presenting with tricuspid valves. The aim of this study was to explore associations between ascending aortic haemodynamics, assessed using four-dimensional flow cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging (4D flow CMR), and circulating biomarkers in aortic dilation.

Methods And Results: Forty-seven cases with aortic dilation (diameter ≥ 40 mm) and 50 sex-and age-matched controls (diameter < 40 mm), all with tricuspid aortic valves, underwent 4D flow CMR and venous blood sampling.

Consequences of Using Post- or Prebronchodilator Reference Values in Interpreting Spirometry.

Postbronchodilator spirometry is used for the diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. However, prebronchodilator reference values are used for spirometry interpretation. To compare the resulting prevalence rates of abnormal spirometry and study the consequences of using pre- or postbronchodilator reference values generated within SCAPIS (Swedish CArdioPulmonary bioImage Study) when interpreting postbronchodilator spirometry in a general population.

Early risk prediction in idiopathic connective tissue disease-associated pulmonary arterial hypertension: call for a refined assessment.

Despite systematic screening and improved treatment strategies, the prognosis remains worse in patients with connective tissue disease-associated pulmonary arterial hypertension (CTD-PAH) compared to patients with idiopathic/hereditary pulmonary arterial hypertension (IPAH). We aimed to investigate differences in clinical characteristics, outcome and performance of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC)/ European Respiratory Society (ERS) risk stratification tool in these patient groups.  This retrospective analysis included incident patients with CTD-PAH (n=197, of which 64 had interstitial lung disease, ILD) or IPAH (n=305) enrolled in the Swedish PAH Register (SPAHR) 2008-2019.

Predicting mortality during long-term follow-up in pulmonary arterial hypertension.

The European Society of Cardiology (ESC) and European Respiratory Society (ERS) guideline recommendation of comprehensive risk assessments, which classify patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) as having low, intermediate or high mortality risk, has not been evaluated during long-term follow-up in a "real-life" clinical setting. We therefore aimed to investigate the utility of risk assessment in a clinical setting for up to 5 years post diagnosis. 386 patients with PAH from the Swedish PAH Registry were included.

The ratio FEV /FVC and its association to respiratory symptoms-A Swedish general population study.

Chronic airflow limitation (CAL) can be defined as fixed ratio of forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV )/forced vital capacity (FVC) < 0.70 after bronchodilation. It is unclear which is the most optimal ratio in relation to respiratory morbidity.

Chronic airflow limitation and its relation to respiratory symptoms among ever-smokers and never-smokers: a cross-sectional study.

Background: The diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is based on the presence of persistent respiratory symptoms and chronic airflow limitation (CAL). CAL is based on the ratio of forced expiratory volume in 1 s to forced vital capacity (FEV:FVC) after bronchodilation, and FEV:FVC less than the fifth percentile is often used as a cut-off for CAL. The aim was to investigate if increasing percentiles of FEV:FVC were associated with (cough with phlegm, dyspnoea or wheezing) in a general population sample of never-smokers and ever-smokers.

Risk stratification in chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension predicts survival.

To investigate if the pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) risk assessment tool presented in the 2015 ESC/ERS guidelines is valid for patients with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) when taking pulmonary endarterectomy (PEA) into account. Incident CTEPH patients registered in the Swedish PAH Registry (SPAHR) between 2008 and 2016 were included. Risk stratification performed at baseline and follow-up classified the patients as low-, intermediate-, or high-risk using the proposed ESC/ERS risk algorithm.

Sex-specific differences and survival in patients with idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension 2008-2016.

Background: Women with idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (IPAH) have been found to have a worse haemodynamic status at diagnosis, but better survival than men. Over the past decade, demographics have changed and new treatments have become available. The objective of this study was to investigate sex differences in an incident IPAH population diagnosed between 2008 and 2016.

Impact of age and comorbidity on risk stratification in idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension.

Recent reports from worldwide pulmonary hypertension registries show a new demographic picture for patients with idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (IPAH), with an increasing prevalence among the elderly.We aimed to investigate the effects of age and comorbidity on risk stratification and outcome of patients with incident IPAH.The study population (n=264) was categorised into four age groups: 18-45, 46-64, 65-74 and ≥75 years.

Plasma L-arginine levels distinguish pulmonary arterial hypertension from left ventricular systolic dysfunction.

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a life-threatening condition, characterized by an imbalance of vasoactive substances and remodeling of pulmonary vasculature. Nitric oxide, formed from L-arginine, is essential for homeostasis and smooth muscle cell relaxation in PAH. Our aim was to compare plasma concentrations of L-arginine, asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), and symmetric dimethylarginine (SDMA) in PAH compared to left ventricular systolic dysfunction (LVSD) and healthy subjects.

[Pulmonary hypertension due to lung diseases].

Pulmonary hypertension due to lung diseases In 2015 the European Society of Cardiology and European Respiratory Society published new guidelines on the diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary hypertension (PH). PH due to lung diseases and/or hypoxia was classified as a separate entity. PH is common in lung diseases, but seldom severe.

A comprehensive risk stratification at early follow-up determines prognosis in pulmonary arterial hypertension.

Aims: Guidelines recommend a goal-oriented treatment approach in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). The aim is to reach a low-risk profile, as determined by a risk assessment instrument. This strategy is incompletely validated.

P2Y₁ and P2Y₁₂ receptors in hypoxia- and adenosine diphosphate-induced pulmonary vasoconstriction in vivo in the pig.

Purpose: To investigate the role of P2Y₁ and P2Y₁₂ receptors in hypoxia- and adenosine diphosphate (ADP)-induced pulmonary vasoconstriction.

Methods: 19 anaesthetized, mechanically ventilated pigs (31.3 ± 0.

Prognosis and response to first-line single and combination therapy in pulmonary arterial hypertension.

Objectives: To investigate survival, treatment escalation, effects of first-line single- and first-line combination therapy and prognostic markers in idiopathic- (IPAH), hereditary- (HPAH) and connective tissue disease-associated (CTD-PAH) pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH).

Design: Retrospective analysis of medical journals from PAH patients at Skåne University Hospital 2000-2011.

Results: 1-, 2- and 3-year survival was 87%, 67%, and 54%, respectively, for the entire population, but worse (p = 0.

Levosimendan attenuates hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension in a porcine model.

Background: Levosimendan was hypothesized to attenuate hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction (HPV).

Methods: Fourteen anaesthetized pigs (30.9 ± 1.