Adolescent-Reported Changes in Provider Behavior Following Pediatrician Training in Stimulant Diversion Prevention: Results From a Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objective: To test whether pediatrician training leads to provider utilization of stimulant diversion prevention strategies as reported by adolescent patients with ADHD.

Methods: Pediatric practices received a stimulant diversion prevention workshop (SDP) or continued treatment-as-usual (TAU) in a cluster-randomized controlled trial. Surveys were completed by 341 stimulant-treated patients at baseline and three follow-up assessments.

Teamwork and implementation of innovations in healthcare and human service settings: a systematic review.

Background: Implementation of new practices in team-based settings requires teams to work together to respond to new demands and changing expectations. However, team constructs and team-based implementation approaches have received little attention in the implementation science literature. This systematic review summarizes empirical research examining associations between teamwork and implementation outcomes when evidence-based practices and other innovations are implemented in healthcare and human service settings.

Advancing research on teams and team effectiveness in implementation science: An application of the Exploration, Preparation, Implementation, Sustainment (EPIS) framework.

Background: Effective teams are essential to high-quality healthcare. However, teams, team-level constructs, and team effectiveness strategies are poorly delineated in implementation science theories, models, and frameworks (TMFs), hindering our understanding of how teams may influence implementation. The Exploration, Preparation, Implementation, Sustainment (EPIS) framework is a flexible and accommodating framework that can facilitate the application of team effectiveness approaches in implementation science.

Comparing In-Person and Synchronous Online Training for an Evidence-Based Treatment.

Online trainings in evidence-based treatments (EBT) can be effective platforms and may provide better access to community providers as compared with traditional in-person trainings. However, questions remain as to whether online trainings can achieve similar rates of training engagement and model application to traditional in-person trainings. We compared training engagement and model application (e.

Improving teamwork in multidisciplinary cross-sector teams: Adaption and pilot testing of a team training for Child Advocacy Center teams.

Background: Effective teamwork is critical to the mission of Child Advocacy Center (CAC) multidisciplinary teams. Team interventions designed to fit the unique cross-organizational context of CAC teams may improve teamwork in CACs.

Methods: A collaborative, community-engaged approach was used to adapt TeamSTEPPS, an evidence-based team training for healthcare, for CAC multidisciplinary teams.

National Norms and Percentiles for the Pediatric Emotional Distress Scale.

We estimated norms and percentiles for the Pediatric Emotional Distress Scale (PEDS) in order to enhance its utility as a screening tool for emotional and behavioral distress following a major. The PEDS was administered to a nationally representative sample of parents of children ages 5-12 from all 50 states ( = 1,570). Approximately 15% of the parents reported a trauma/stress in the past 12 months.

Quantifying Potential Bias Resulting From Child Age on Screening for Hyperactive/Impulsive Presentations of ADHD.

Objective: This study aims to quantify the potential age bias in screening of hyperactive/impulsive presentations of ADHD in children ages 5 to 12 through comparison of age-based and overall percentiles in screening.

Method: A referred clinical sample of 307 children ages 5 to 12 with behavioral concerns completed the Vanderbilt Attention Deficit-Hyperactivity Disorder Diagnostic Parent Rating Scale (VADPRS) and were formally evaluated for ADHD with a diagnostic interview. Analysis utilizing logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves was performed to compare the screening performance of agebased and overall percentiles.

Team-focused implementation strategies to improve implementation of mental health screening and referral in rural Children's Advocacy Centers: study protocol for a pilot cluster randomized hybrid type 2 trial.

Background: Children's Advocacy Centers (CACs) use multidisciplinary teams to investigate and respond to maltreatment allegations. CACs play a critical role in connecting children with mental health needs to evidence-based mental health treatment, especially in low-resourced rural areas. Standardized mental health screening and referral protocols can improve CACs' capacity to identify children with mental health needs and encourage treatment engagement.

Deficits in Parent Knowledge of Behavior Management Skills is Strongly Associated with CD Symptoms but Not ODD Symptoms.

We conducted secondary analyses of existing data to examine the association between parent scores on the Knowledge of Effective Parenting Test (KEPT) and child symptoms of Conduct Disorder (CD) and Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD). Parent knowledge of behavior management skills and child behavior symptoms were assessed in a nationally representative sample of parents/guardians ( = 1,570) of children aged 5-12 from all 50 states. Results showed consistent and robust correlations between parent knowledge of behavior management skills and CD symptoms but not ODD symptoms.

Associations between teamwork and implementation outcomes in multidisciplinary cross-sector teams implementing a mental health screening and referral protocol.

Purpose: Teams play a central role in the implementation of new practices in settings providing team-based care. However, the implementation science literature has paid little attention to potentially important team-level constructs. Aspects of teamwork, including team interdependence, team functioning, and team performance, may affect implementation processes and outcomes.

Sexual Offense Disclosure Assessment in Youth Referred to Community Treatment: A Latent Class Analysis.

This study seeks to extend research evaluating tools to assess the disclosure of sexually abusive behavior. The subjects were 239 male youth (ages 10-20 years) who were court-ordered to participate in a community-based collaborative intervention for sexual offending that includes outpatient and probationary services. All youth participated in an interview to capture referral incident details about admission, responsibility, empathy, and remorse at intake, during intervention, and at discharge.

Implementation of A Care Process Model for Pediatric Traumatic Stress in Child Advocacy Centers: A Mixed Methods Study.

Child Advocacy Centers (CACs) are well-positioned to identify children with mental health needs and facilitate access to evidence-based treatment. However, use of evidence-based screening tools and referral protocols varies across CACs. Understanding barriers and facilitators can inform efforts to implement mental health screening and referral protocols in CACs.

Public policy and parent-child aggression: Considerations for reducing and preventing physical punishment and abuse.

Parent-child physical aggression, including both physical punishment and abuse, remains a prevalent problem in the United States. In this paper, we briefly review the prevalence and harms of parent-child aggression and discuss changes in social norms and policies over the past several decades. Then, we discuss broad social policies influencing risk for parent-child physical aggression, policies relevant to reducing and preventing physical abuse, and policies relevant to reducing and preventing physical punishment.

Effects of Training on Use of Stimulant Diversion Prevention Strategies by Pediatric Primary Care Providers: Results from a Cluster-Randomized Trial.

Pediatric primary care is a promising setting for reducing diversion of stimulant medications for ADHD. We tested if training pediatric primary care providers (PCPs) increased use of diversion prevention strategies with adolescents with ADHD. The study was a cluster-randomized trial in 7 pediatric primary care practices.

Team Functioning and Performance in Child Advocacy Center Multidisciplinary Teams.

The quality of teamwork in Child Advocacy Center (CAC) multidisciplinary teams is likely to affect the extent to which the CAC model improves outcomes for children and families. This study examines associations between team functioning and performance in a statewide sample of CAC teams. Multidisciplinary team members ( = 433) from 21 CACs completed measures of affective, behavioral, and cognitive team functioning.

Elucidating treatment targets and mediators within a confirmatory efficacy trial: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial of cognitive-behavioral therapy vs. light therapy for winter depression.

Background: This study is a confirmatory efficacy trial of two treatments for winter seasonal affective disorder (SAD): SAD-tailored group cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT-SAD) and light therapy (LT). In our previous efficacy trial, post-treatment outcomes for CBT-SAD and LT were very similar, but CBT-SAD was associated with fewer depression recurrences two winters later than LT (27.3% in CBT-SAD vs.

Testing a community developed training protocol for an evidence-based treatment.

The implementation of evidence-based treatments (EBTs) in community behavioral health settings is a recommended practice, yet training experienced by community-based clinicians may require novel and creative training methods. The current study focused on creating a training protocol for Alternative for Families: a Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy from both evidence-based foundations and community-based agency feedback to promote better EBT integration into agencies. Twenty-four clinicians from three agencies were trained using a community-informed training protocol.

Care team and practice-level implementation strategies to optimize pediatric collaborative care: study protocol for a cluster-randomized hybrid type III trial.

Background: Implementation facilitation is an effective strategy to support the implementation of evidence-based practices (EBPs), but our understanding of multilevel strategies and the mechanisms of change within the "black box" of implementation facilitation is limited. This implementation trial seeks to disentangle and evaluate the effects of facilitation strategies that separately target the care team and leadership levels on implementation of a collaborative care model in pediatric primary care. Strategies targeting the provider care team (TEAM) should engage team-level mechanisms, and strategies targeting leaders (LEAD) should engage organizational mechanisms.

A Statewide Randomized Controlled Trial to Compare Three Models for Implementing Parent Child Interaction Therapy.

Objective: This study (NIMH RO1 MH095750; ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02543359) evaluated the effectiveness of three training models to implement a well-established evidence-based treatment, Parent-Child Interaction Therapy (PCIT).

Method: Fifty licensed outpatient clinics, including 100 clinicians, 50 supervisors, and 50 administrators were randomized to one of three training conditions: 1) Learning Collaborative (LC), 2) Cascading Model (CM) or 3) Distance Education (DE).

National Norms and Correlates of the PHQ-8 and GAD-7 in Parents of School-age Children.

Anxiety and depressive disorders are global public health concerns, and research suggests that these disorders are common in parents and can adversely influence family functioning. However, little is known about normative levels of anxiety and depressive symptoms in parents of school-age children. The present study reports on generalized anxiety and depressive symptoms in 1570 parents and guardians of a nationally representative sample of children ages five to twelve years using two widely used and validated questionnaires: the eight-item variant of the Patient Health Questionnaire depression scale (PHQ-8) and the seven-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale (GAD-7).

Team functioning and implementation of innovations in healthcare and human service settings: a systematic review protocol.

Background: Healthcare and human services increasingly rely on teams of individuals to deliver services. Implementation of evidence-based practices and other innovations in these settings requires teams to work together to change processes and behaviors. Accordingly, team functioning may be a key determinant of implementation outcomes.

Adolescents Treated for Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder in Pediatric Primary Care: Characterizing Risk for Stimulant Diversion.

Objective: To describe the clinical and psychosocial characteristics, and their hypothesized interrelations, as it pertains to risk for stimulant diversion (sharing, selling, or trading) for adolescents in pediatric primary care treatment for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.

Methods: Baseline data for 341 adolescents in a cluster-randomized controlled trial of stimulant diversion prevention in pediatric primary care (NCT_03080259) were used to (1) characterize diversion and newly measured risk factors, (2) examine their associations with age and sex, and (3) test whether associations among risk factors were consistent with model-implied predictions. Data were collected through multi-informant electronic surveys from adolescents and parents.