The EAT-Lancet Commission's Planetary Health Diet Compared With the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation Global Burden of Disease Ecological Data Analysis.

Background This article aimed to compare the EAT-Lancet Commission's "Planetary Health Diet" (PHD) with the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME) Global Burden of Disease Study 1990-2017 (GBD2017) dietary and other risk factor data. In the PHD/GBD comparison, we also intended to show the relevance of a new multiple regression analysis methodology with dietary and non-dietary risk factors (independent variables) for noncommunicable disease (NCD) deaths/100000/year in males and females 15-69 years old from 1990 to 2017 (NCDs, dependent variable). Methods We formatted worldwide GBD2017 dietary risk factors and NCD data on 1120 worldwide cohorts to obtain 7846 population-weighted cohorts.

Connecting Climate Change Mitigation to Global Land Regeneration, Doubling Worldwide Livestock, and Reduction of Early Deaths from Noncommunicable Diseases.

Aim and background This article aims to link early deaths due to diet-related noncommunicable diseases at the global level, low animal food intake, primarily in developing countries, regenerative/organic agriculture, worldwide food security, and global warming mitigation. On statistically modeling Global Burden of Disease (GBD) risk factor and health outcome data, the unexpected finding was that early deaths (death before age 70) per year per 100k population due to noncommunicable diseases (NCDs, such as coronary artery disease, emphysema, liver failure, kidney failure, and cancers) were much higher in cohorts with low consumption of animal-sourced foods (processed meat, red meat, dairy, fish, poultry, eggs, and saturated fats). Relatively low NCD rates are associated with high animal food consumption.

Cardiovascular Disease Death Before Age 65 in 168 Countries Correlated Statistically with Biometrics, Socioeconomic Status, Tobacco, Gender, Exercise, Macronutrients, and Vitamin K.

Background: Nutrition researchers recently recognized that deficiency of vitamin K2 (menaquinone: MK-4-MK-13) is widespread and contributes to cardiovascular disease (CVD). The deficiency of vitamin K2 or vitamin K inhibition with warfarin leads to calcium deposition in the arterial blood vessels.

Methods: Using publicly available sources, we collected food commodity availability data and derived nutrient profiles including vitamin K2 for people from 168 countries.

Global, regional, and national prevalence of overweight and obesity in children and adults during 1980-2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013.

Background: In 2010, overweight and obesity were estimated to cause 3·4 million deaths, 3·9% of years of life lost, and 3·8% of disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) worldwide. The rise in obesity has led to widespread calls for regular monitoring of changes in overweight and obesity prevalence in all populations. Comparable, up-to-date information about levels and trends is essential to quantify population health effects and to prompt decision makers to prioritise action.

Future body mass index modelling based on macronutrient profiles and physical activity.

Background: An accurate system of determining the relationship of macronutrient profiles of foods and beverages to the long-term weight impacts of foods is necessary for evidence-based, unbiased front-of-the-package food labels.

Methods: Data sets on diet, physical activity, and BMI came from the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), the World Health Organization (WHO), the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial (DCCT), and Epidemiology Diabetes Intervention and Complications (EDIC). To predict future BMI of individuals, multiple regression derived FAO/WHO and DCCT/EDIC formulas related macronutrient profiles and physical activity (independent variables) to BMI change/year (dependent variable).

Pharmacotherapy for mild hypertension.

Background: People with no previous cardiovascular events or cardiovascular disease represent a primary prevention population. The benefits and harms of treating mild hypertension in primary prevention patients are not known at present. This review examines the existing randomised controlled trial (RCT) evidence.

Diet as prophylaxis and treatment for venous thromboembolism?

Background: Both prophylaxis and treatment of venous thromboembolism (VTE: deep venous thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary emboli (PE)) with anticoagulants are associated with significant risks of major and fatal hemorrhage. Anticoagulation treatment of VTE has been the standard of care in the USA since before 1962 when the U.S.

A systematic review of Cochrane anticoagulation reviews.

Context: I coauthored a published review of anticoagulation for venous thromboembolism in the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews and published a review on the same topic in MedGenMed (now the Medscape Journal of Medicine). In contrast to the article in Medscape, the discussion and conclusions in the Cochrane review were altered appreciably during the review process. Consequently, I decided to critique all anticoagulation drug-related reviews and protocols in the Cochrane database with feedback letters concerning any issues of potential controversy.

Clinical evidence for rebound hypercoagulability after discontinuing oral anticoagulants for venous thromboembolism.

Context: In vitro studies and anecdotal clinical reports have suggested that clinically significant rebound hypercoagulability may occur after discontinuation of oral anticoagulants (OACs), such as vitamin K antagonists and ximelagatran, for venous thromboembolism (VTE).

Objective: Assess the extent to which rebound hypercoagulability-related VTE recurrences occur in the 2 months following discontinuation of OACs.

Data Sources: Published, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of OAC treatment of VTE.

Relation of omega-3 Fatty Acid intake to other dietary factors known to reduce coronary heart disease risk.

Data supporting the inverse correlation of fish or long-chain omega-3 fatty acid (FA) (eicosapentaenoic acid plus docosahexaenoic acid) supplement consumption and coronary heart disease are inconclusive and may be confounded by other dietary and lifestyle factors. Using the Diabetic Control and Complications Trial (DCCT) database (n = 1,441), correlations between consumption of omega-3 FAs and saturated FAs to dietary variables (kilocalories, macronutrients, sodium, and cholesterol) and to age, gender, exercise level, and tobacco use were tested using Pearson correlation coefficients. Long-chain omega-3 FA intake inversely correlated with consumption of calories (r = -0.

Case report of 5 siblings: malnutrition? Rickets? DiGeorge syndrome? Developmental delay?

Background: Parents of six children are facing a trial on charges of aggravated manslaughter in the care a 5 1/2 month old infant who died suddenly and neglect of their four older children for causing them to be malnourished by feeding them all an exclusively raw foods vegan diet. Both parents declined plea bargains and plan to defend themselves in court.

Case Presentation: The fifth child born to a married couple was breast-fed until 2 1/2 months.

Diet and diabetic retinopathy: insights from the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial (DCCT).

Objective: We explore the influence of lifestyle on the progression of retinopathy.

Design: Post hoc statistical analysis.

Subjects/setting: One thousand forty-one patients with type 1 diabetes from 29 specialty clinics.

Anticoagulation therapy for venous thromboembolism.

Context: On the basis of theoretical rationale, heparoids and vitamin K antagonists are prescribed to prevent complications of venous thromboembolism (VTE, including pulmonary emboli [PE] and deep vein thrombosis [DVT]). They have been employed as the standard of care for treatment of VTE for over 40 years.

Objective: Critique the evidence supporting the efficacy of anticoagulants for the treatment of VTE in reducing morbidity and/or mortality.