The equity inventory planning process: A pilot program promoting racial justice in early care and education organizations.

Leaders undertaking the effort to dismantle structural inqualities at the organizational level often find traditional professional development on diversity, equity, and inclusion to be limited in scope, rarely leading to meaningful organizational change. The Racial Equity, Diversity, and Inclusion (REDI) Movement was developed in 2020 by associates within a Midwest university research center to increase efforts toward the pursuit of a holistic, systems-level approach to equity, social justice, and inclusion. REDI now includes several interventions that prepare associates and their teams to advance racial justice and equity across four levels of the REDI Framework: Intrapersonal, Interpersonal, Institutional, and Societal.

Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis Dysfunction Elevates SUDEP Risk in a Sex-Specific Manner.

Epilepsy is often comorbid with psychiatric illnesses, including anxiety and depression. Despite the high incidence of psychiatric comorbidities in people with epilepsy, few studies address the underlying mechanisms. Stress can trigger epilepsy and depression.

Cultural adaptation, translation and validation of the Spanish version Debriefing Experience Scale.

Clinical simulation as a teaching methodology allows the student to train and learn technical abilities and/or non-technical abilities. One of the key elements of this teaching methodology is the debriefing, which consists of a conversation between several people, in which the participants go over a real or simulated event in order to analyze their actions and reflect on the role that thought processes, psychomotor skills and emotional states can play in maintaining, or improving their performance in the future. The Debriefing Experience Scale allows the experience of students in debriefing to be measured.

Ethical Challenges Inherent in the Evaluation of an American Indian/Alaskan Native Circles of Care Project.

This article provides first-person accounts of ethical issues inherent in an evaluation of the Native American Indian Center of Central Ohio (NAICCO) Circles of Care project. Circles of Care is a three-year, infrastructure development program funded through the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) which is part of the federal Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS). The grant program is for American Indian and Alaskan Native (AI/AN) tribes and urban Indian communities and includes a strong emphasis on community engagement and community ownership.

Inhibition of the oxidative stress response by heat stress in Caenorhabditis elegans.

It has long been recognized that simultaneous exposure to heat stress and oxidative stress shows a synergistic interaction that reduces organismal fitness, but relatively little is known about the mechanisms underlying this interaction. We investigated the role of molecular stress responses in driving this synergistic interaction using the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans To induce oxidative stress, we used the pro-oxidant compounds acrylamide, paraquat and juglone. As expected, we found that heat stress and oxidative stress interact synergistically to reduce survival.

Multiple-stressor interactions influence embryo development rate in the American horseshoe crab, Limulus polyphemus.

Fertilized eggs of the American horseshoe crab, Limulus polyphemus, are buried in shallow nests above the high tide line, where they are exposed to variations in abiotic conditions during early development. Using a multiple-stressors approach, we examined whether the rate of embryonic development is affected by exposure to combinations of three factors: temperature (25, 30 and 35°C), salinity (5, 15 and 34 ppt) and ambient O2 (5%, 13% and 21% O2). Newly fertilized eggs were incubated under 27 fully factorial stressor combinations for 14 days, then allowed to recover in control conditions (30°C, 34 ppt, 21% O2) for an additional 14 days.

Hydrogen sulfide increases nitric oxide production from endothelial cells by an akt-dependent mechanism.

Hydrogen sulfide (H(2)S) and nitric oxide (NO) are both gasotransmitters that can elicit synergistic vasodilatory responses in the in the cardiovascular system, but the mechanisms behind this synergy are unclear. In the current study we investigated the molecular mechanisms through which H(2)S regulates endothelial NO production. Initial studies were performed to establish the temporal and dose-dependent effects of H(2)S on NO generation using EPR spin trapping techniques.

The hydrogen sulfide signaling system: changes during aging and the benefits of caloric restriction.

Hydrogen sulfide gas (H(2)S) is a putative signaling molecule that causes diverse effects in mammalian tissues including relaxation of blood vessels and regulation of perfusion in the liver, but the effects of aging on H(2)S signaling are unknown. Aging has negative impacts on the cardiovascular system. However, the liver is more resilient with age.

Assessment of cellular and functional biomarkers in bivalves exposed to ecologically relevant abiotic stressors.

An understanding of the complex effects of the environment on biomarkers of bivalve health is essential for aquaculturists to successfully select field culture sites and monitor bivalve health in these sites and in hatcheries. We tested several whole-organism (functional) and cellular-level biomarkers as indicators of health of the cultured, stress-tolerant northern quahog (hard clam) Mercenaria mercenaria. We performed single- and dual-stressor experiments that were consistent with available water quality data from a clam culture area on the Gulf coast of Florida.

Hydrogen sulfide induces oxidative damage to RNA and DNA in a sulfide-tolerant marine invertebrate.

Hydrogen sulfide acts as an environmental toxin across a range of concentrations and as a cellular signaling molecule at very low concentrations. Despite its toxicity, many animals, including the mudflat polychaete Glycera dibranchiata, are periodically or continuously exposed to sulfide in their environment. We tested the hypothesis that a broad range of ecologically relevant sulfide concentrations induces oxidative stress and oxidative damage to RNA and DNA in G.

Challenges in supporting community implementation of science-based programs: a critical review of local partnerships for success plans.

This paper provides the opportunity to consider local challenges to implementing science-based programs. Wandersman et al. (American Journal of Community Psychology 2008) define three systems necessary to effectively implement science-based programming.

Autophagy in the heart and liver during normal aging and calorie restriction.

Autophagy is a highly regulated intracellular process for the degradation of cellular constituents and essential for the maintenance of a healthy cell. We evaluated the effects of age and life-long calorie restriction on autophagy in heart and liver of young (6 months) and old (26 months) Fisher 344 rats. We observed that the occurrence of autophagic vacuoles was higher in heart than liver.

Using technology to enhance prevention services for children in primary care.

Primary care is the principal setting for implementation of prevention services for children and their families. However, aspects of primary care practice and lack of patient adherence to therapeutic regimens that ultimately lead to lifestyle and behavior changes are barriers to the delivery of prevention services. The authors of this paper present descriptive information about how a web-based computer application is being used to assist physicians in a major medical center overcome some of these impediments.

Assessment of quality of outcomes within a local United Way organization: implications for sustaining system level change.

This paper provides a historical case study of efforts to implement and sustain "outcomes based funding" in a large United Way system in Central Ohio. The case study describes how community practitioners employed specific strategies to promote sustainability. The use of these strategies corresponds to several techniques suggested in the sustainability literature.

Increased expression of stress proteins in the surf clam Donax variabilis following hydrogen sulfide exposure.

Endogenous free radical production and resulting oxidative damage may result from exposure to hypoxia, hyperoxia, or hydrogen sulfide. Previous investigations of sulfide-induced oxidative damage have produced conflicting results, perhaps because these studies utilized species presumably adapted to sulfide. We examined the effects of sulfide, hypoxia and hyperoxia on the surf clam Donax variabilis to test whether these stressors induce a cellular response to oxidative stress.

A community practice model for community psychologists and some examples of the application of community practice skills from the Partnerships for Success initiative in Ohio.

This paper provides an opportunity to consider the concept of community practice from the vantage point of community psychology. The author argues that community psychology has significant potential to change organizations, communities, and other settings to benefit setting occupants. However, it is the author's contention that the full realization of this potential is contingent upon an organized effort to engage in formal community practice.

Mitochondrial depolarization following hydrogen sulfide exposure in erythrocytes from a sulfide-tolerant marine invertebrate.

Sulfide-tolerant marine invertebrates employ a variety of mechanisms to detoxify sulfide once it has entered their bodies, but their integumentary, respiratory epithelium and circulatory cells may still be exposed to toxic sulfide concentrations. To investigate whether sulfide exposure is toxic to mitochondria of a sulfide-tolerant invertebrate, we used the fluorescent dyes JC-1 and TMRM to determine the effect of sulfide exposure on mitochondrial depolarization in erythrocytes from the annelid Glycera dibranchiata. In erythrocytes exposed to 0.

Sodium nitroprusside potentiates hydrogen-sulfide-induced contractions in body wall muscle from a marine worm.

Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) at concentrations of about 0.05 to 1 mmol.l(-1) appears to function as a gasotransmitter in vertebrates, analogous to nitric oxide (NO) and carbon monoxide, but the actions of H2S in invertebrate tissue have not been well studied.

Enhancing quality of practice through theory of change-based evaluation: science or practice?

This paper describes the evaluation component of Partnerships for Success (PfS), a comprehensive community effort designed to address youth development issues. The evaluation component is referred to as "theory of change-based evaluation." The author considers the implications of applying community practice tools such as theory of change-based evaluation to the current conceptualization of community science.

Doxorubicin treatment in vivo activates caspase-12 mediated cardiac apoptosis in both male and female rats.

We investigated in vivo the chemotherapeutic anthracycline agents doxorubicin and its ability to activate mitochondrial-mediated, receptor-mediated and endoplasmic/sarcoplasmic reticulum-mediated apoptosis transduction pathways in cardiac tissue from male and female rats. We administered a single low dose of doxorubicin (10 mg/kg of body weight, i.p.

Oxygen consumption in weakly electric Neotropical fishes.

Weakly electric gymnotiform fishes with wave-type electric organ discharge (EOD) are less hypoxia-tolerant and are less likely to be found in hypoxic habitats than weakly electric gymnotiforms with pulse-type EOD, suggesting that differences in metabolism resulting from EOD type affects habitat choice. Although gymnotiform fishes are common in most Neotropical freshwaters and represent the dominant vertebrates in some habitats, the metabolic rates of these unique fishes have never been determined. In this study, O(2) consumption rates during EOD generation are reported for 34 gymnotiforms representing 23 species, all five families and 17 (59%) of the 28 genera.

Mitotic activation of proliferative cells in the inner nuclear layer of the mature fish retina: regulatory signals and molecular markers.

New neurons continuously differentiate within the otherwise mature retina of teleost fish, both under normal conditions and in response to injury. We investigated the effects of surgical injury and intraocular injection of neurotrophic factors on the mitotic rate of proliferative inner nuclear layer cells (PINC). PINC are continually born in the inner nuclear layer and then migrate to the outer nuclear layer (ONL).

Enzymatic hydrogen sulfide production in marine invertebrate tissues.

At least some mammalian tissues produce H2S in vitro from L-cysteine at rates sufficient to have physiological effects. To determine whether tissues of macrofaunal invertebrates have the same capacity, we measured H2S production in tissue homogenates of the Manila clam Tapes philippinarum and the lugworm Arenicola marina. Tissue homogenates from both animals produced significant quantities of H2S gas upon addition of L-cysteine and the enzyme cofactor pyridoxal-5PRIME;-phosphate (10 mmol l(-1) and 2 mmol l(-1), respectively), while only tissues from T.