Androgen receptors are expressed in a variety of human fetal extragenital tissues: an immunohistochemical study.

Aim: To investigate the expression of androgen receptors in the extragenital tissues of developing human embryo.

Methods: Using immunohistochemistry, we investigated the distribution of androgen receptor (AR) in the extragenital tissues of paraffin-embedded tissue sections of first trimester (8-12 weeks gestation) human embryos. Gender was determined by polymerized chain reaction.

Necrospermia, antisperm antibodies, and vasectomy.

Objective: To present a case of necrospermia and antisperm antibodies after vasectomy reversal and in which motile sperm, subsequently used in intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) treatment, was found after testicular sperm retrieval.

Design: Case report and literature review.

Setting: Reproductive medicine unit based in a women's hospital in the United Kingdom.

Do lunar phases affect conception rates in assisted reproduction?

Objectives: To assess the effect of the phases of the moon on pregnancy rates in humans following in-vitro fertilization (IVF) and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) treatment.

Design: Retrospective, observational study.

Setting: Reproductive Medicine Unit, Liverpool Women's Hospital.