Assessment of knowledge of malaria and its control practices in mining and sugarcane growing regions of Western Kenya highlands.

Background: Despite upscaled control efforts, deaths and hospitalization due to malaria remained high in counties of western Kenya highlands.

Objectives: This study assessed the knowledge of malaria in two rural communities, the control strategies they use, and their capacity to integrate the available control programs.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey was carried out in two rural villages in November - December 2018.

The burden and types of anaemia among HIV infected, ART-naive injection substance users in Kenya.

Introduction: Illicit substance use and HIV infection cause haematological derangements. Anaemia characterized by a reduction in the quality and quantity erythrocytes is the most common disorder in both HIV-positive persons and illicit substance users.

Objective: To describe anaemia burden, types, and its association with HIV in injectable substance users in Mombasa, Kenya.

Correlation of HIV-1 drug resistant mutations and virologic failure.

Introduction: mutations are important by ensuring that the HIV-1 agent remains fit in the environment and evades drugs that are developed purposely to kill them. In Kenya, mutations conferring resistance to available ARVs have been reported in previous studies. However, there is a paucity of information on whether these previous studies have reported all mutations conclusively that confer resistance to available drugs leading to virologic failure.

Abundance and Distribution of Malaria Vectors in Various Aquatic Habitats and Land Use Types in Kakamega County, Highlands of Western Kenya.

Background: Management of malaria transmission relies heavily on vector control. Implementation and sustenance of effective control measures require regular monitoring of malaria vector occurrences, species abundance and distribution. The study assessed mosquito larval species composition, distribution and productivity in Kakamega County, western Kenya.

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 genetic diversity in HIV positive individuals on antiretroviral therapy in a cross-sectional study conducted in Teso, Western Kenya.

Introduction: high HIV-1 infection rates and genetic diversity especially in African population pose significant challenges in HIV-1 clinical management and drug design and development. HIV-1 is a major health challenge in Kenya and causes mortality and morbidity in the country as well as straining the healthcare system and the economy. This study sought to identify HIV-1 genetic subtypes circulating in Teso, Western Kenya which borders the Republic of Uganda.

Prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus-1 drug-resistant mutations among adults on first- and second-line antiretroviral therapy in a resource-limited health facility in Busia County, Kenya.

Introduction: in Kenya, about 1.5 million people are living with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). Antiretroviral therapy aids in viral suppression.