Daily fluctuations in blood glucose with normal aging are inversely related to hippocampal synaptic mitochondrial proteins.

Defective brain glucose utilization is a hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD) while Type II diabetes and elevated blood glucose escalate the risk for AD in later life. Isolating contributions of normal aging from coincident metabolic or brain diseases could lead to refined approaches to manage specific health risks and optimize treatments targeted to susceptible older individuals. We evaluated metabolic, neuroendocrine, and neurobiological differences between young adult (6 months) and aged (24 months) male rats.

Using genomic resources for linkage analysis in Peromyscus with an application for characterizing Dominant Spot.

Background: Peromyscus are the most common mammalian species in North America and are widely used in both laboratory and field studies. The deer mouse, P. maniculatus and the old-field mouse, P.

The role of urinary cytology when diagnostic workup is suspicious for upper tract urothelial carcinoma but tumour biopsy is nonconfirmatory.

Introduction: We sought to determine the value of obtaining preoperative urinary cytology when diagnostic workup of an upper tract mass is suspicious for upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC), but biopsy fails to confirm the diagnosis.

Methods: Using billing code data, 239 patients were identified as having undergone radical nephroureterectomy (RNU) by 16 urologists from September 29, 1998 to July 31, 2015. Of this group, 19 adult patients had a presumed preoperative diagnosis of UTUC in a native kidney, at least three months of followup, no history of concurrent radical cystectomy with RNU, and negative/non-diagnostic tissue biopsy.

Extraperitoneal vs. transperitoneal robot-assisted radical prostatectomy in patients with a history of prior inguinal hernia repair with mesh.

Robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) may be performed via an extraperitoneal (eRARP) or transperitoneal (tRARP) approach. There are no published studies comparing these two methods in patients with a history of prior inguinal hernia repair with mesh (IHRm), but the latter is often advocated in this setting. A retrospective review of patients who underwent RARP with prior IHRm who had a minimum follow-up of 3 months from July 1, 2003 to December 31, 2014 was undertaken.

Extraperitoneal vs Transperitoneal Robot-Assisted Radical Prostatectomy in the Setting of Prior Abdominal or Pelvic Surgery.

Introduction: During robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP), the prostate may be approached extraperiteoneally (extraperitoneal robot-assisted radical prostatectomy [eRARP]) or transperitoneally (transperitoneal robot-assisted radical prostatectomy [tRARP]). The former avoids the abdominal cavity, which might be of benefit in patients who have had prior abdominal or pelvic surgery (PAPS). Our objective was to compare the outcomes of patients with PAPS undergoing either technique.

Does patient age affect survival after radical cystectomy?

Unlabelled: What's known on the subject? and What does the study add? Elderly patients have more years to compound comorbidities and it has previously been shown that comorbidity is an important predictor of overall survival in patients with bladder cancer, including those treated with radical cystectomy (RC). Other studies have also demonstrated higher stage at diagnosis, higher rate of upstaging on final pathology and a longer delay to definitive therapy for older patients. Because of these findings, elderly patients are being offered RC less often than younger patients.

Predictors of early mortality after radical nephrectomy with renal vein or inferior vena cava thrombectomy - a population-based study.

Unlabelled: Study Type - Prognosis (cohort) Level of Evidence 2a. What's known on the subject? and What does the study add? Surgical volume has been well established as a predictor of outcomes for several complex surgical procedures, yet few studies have evaluated this relationship with regards to radical nephrectomy with either renal vein or inferior vena cava thrombectomy. In addition, most published literature consists of single-institution series from centres of excellence.

Vasectomy reversal provides long-term pain relief for men with the post-vasectomy pain syndrome.

Purpose: The post-vasectomy pain syndrome is a rare but serious and debilitating complication of vasectomy. For men with the post-vasectomy pain syndrome vasectomy reversal is a surgical option after medical management has failed. However, there is a paucity of data in the literature defining its therapeutic efficacy.

Outcome of third renal allograft retransplants versus primary transplants from paired donors.

Background: Third kidney retransplants have technical and immunologic hurdles that may preclude success, which is of particular importance in the contemporary context of discrepancy between organ supply and demand.

Methods: The outcomes of third renal transplant recipients (TRTR) were compared with those receiving a first transplant from paired donor kidneys to assess transplant success and complication rates. The Ontario-based Trillium Gift of Life Network database was used to identify deceased donors (n=28) who donated one kidney to a TRTR and the mate kidney to a primary renal transplant recipient (PRTR) from June 1977 to August 2006.

Immunosuppression without calcineurin inhibition: optimization of renal function in expanded criteria donor renal transplantation.

Introduction: To assess the efficacy of calcineurin inhibitor (CNI)-free immunosuppression vs. calcineurin-based immunosuppression in patients receiving expanded criteria donor (ECD) kidneys.

Patient And Methods: Thirteen recipients of ECD kidneys were enrolled in this pilot study and treated with induction therapy and maintained on sirolimus, mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) and prednisone.

Post-traumatic pseudolipoma of the forehead.

A forehead lipoma is a rare finding in a child, and one that penetrates the underlying layers of muscle and bone to attach to dura has not previously been reported. Two such cases, both in children who underwent uneventful deliveries aided by forceps, are presented. Both lesions were present at birth and, based on clinical findings, were originally thought to be dermoid cysts.

Outcomes and quality of life of adults undergoing continent catheterizable vesicostomy for neurogenic bladder.

Objectives: To evaluate the functional outcomes and quality of life of adult patients with neurogenic bladders who had undergone Casale Spiral Monti vesicostomy.

Methods: Twelve patients who underwent Casale Spiral Monti vesicostomy from May 1999 to December 2004 were evaluated with the Medical Outcomes Study 36-item short-form health survey to assess for postoperative quality of life. Complications and patient reported continence were also documented.