How Blackouts during Heat Waves Amplify Mortality and Morbidity Risk.

The recent concurrence of electrical grid failure events in time with extreme temperatures is compounding the population health risks of extreme weather episodes. Here, we combine simulated heat exposure data during historical heat wave events in three large U.S.

Mental health and air temperature: Attributable risk analysis for schizophrenia hospital admissions in arid urban climates.

Health researchers have examined the physiological impacts of extreme air temperature on the human body. Yet, the mental health impacts of temperature have been understudied. Research has shown that the environment can create circumstances that exacerbate mental health issues.

Impact of environmental factors on heat-associated mortalities in an urban desert region.

The troubling trend of rising heat-associated mortalities in an urban desert region (Maricopa County, AZ, USA) has motivated us to explore the extent to which environmental factors may contribute to increased heat-health risks. Summertime data from 2010 to 2019 were used to construct a suite of models for daily heat-associated mortalities. The best-performing full model included the following predictors, ordered from strongest to weakest influence: daily average air temperature, average of previous 5 days daily average air temperature, year, day of year, average of previous 5 days daily average dew point temperature, average of previous 5 days daily average PM, and daily average PM.

The effects of three different types of macronutrient feedings on golf performance and levels of fatigue and alertness.

No study has evaluated the effect of macronutrient feedings on golf performance. Determine the effect of feedings during simulated golf game using a randomized cross-over study design. Male participants (n = 6, USGA handicap index 8.

Extreme Heat Exposure: Access and Barriers to Cooling Centers - Maricopa and Yuma Counties, Arizona, 2010-2020.

Extreme heat exposure increases the risk for heat-related illnesses (HRIs) and deaths, and comprehensive strategies to prevent HRIs are increasingly important in a warming climate (1). An estimated 702 HRI-associated deaths and 67,512 HRI-associated emergency department visits occur in the United States each year (2,3). In 2020, Phoenix and Yuma, Arizona, experienced a record 145 and 148 days, respectively, of temperatures >100°F (37.

Menopausal Symptoms in Underserved and Homeless Women Living in Extreme Temperatures in the Southwest.

Little is known about menopausal symptoms in underserved women. To better understand self-reported menopausal symptoms in underserved and homeless women living in extreme heat during different seasons. A cross-sectional study, including the Greene Climacteric Scale (GCS), climate-related questions, and demographics was administered June to August of 2017 and December to February 2018 to women 40-65 years of age.

Public transit infrastructure and heat perceptions in hot and dry climates.

Many cities aim to progress toward their sustainability and public health goals by increasing use of their public transit systems. However, without adequate protective infrastructure that provides thermally comfortable conditions for public transit riders, it can be challenging to reach these goals in hot climates. We took micrometeorological measurements and surveyed riders about their perceptions of heat and heat-coping behaviors at bus stops with a variety of design attributes in Phoenix, AZ, USA, during the summer of 2018.

Extreme Weather and Climate Change: Population Health and Health System Implications.

Extreme weather and climate events, such as heat waves, cyclones, and floods, are an expression of climate variability. These events and events influenced by climate change, such as wildfires, continue to cause significant human morbidity and mortality and adversely affect mental health and well-being. Although adverse health impacts from extreme events declined over the past few decades, climate change and more people moving into harm's way could alter this trend.

Novel metrics for relating personal heat exposure to social risk factors and outdoor ambient temperature.

A more precise understanding of individual-level heat exposure may be helpful to advance knowledge about heat-health impacts and effective intervention strategies, especially in light of projected increases in the severity and frequency of extreme heat events. We developed and interrogated different metrics for quantifying personal heat exposure and explored their association with social risk factors. To do so, we collected simultaneous personal heat exposure data from 64 residents of metropolitan Phoenix, Arizona.

Evaporative misters for urban cooling and comfort: effectiveness and motivations for use.

Thermal comfort is an important determinant of quality of life and economic vitality in cities. Strategies to improve thermal comfort may become a more critical part of urban sustainability efforts with projections of continued urban growth and climate change. A case study was performed in the hot, dry summertime climate of Tempe, Arizona to quantify the influence of evaporative misters on the thermal environment in outdoor restaurants and to understand business managers' motivations to use misters.

Hiking Time Trial Performance in the Heat with Real-Time Observation of Heat Strain, Hydration Status and Fluid Intake Behavior.

This study investigated the real-time progression of heat strain in mountain hikers during time trials (TT). Participants ( = 12; 7M/5F; age 21.6 ± 2.

Physical Activity in the Summer Heat: How Hot Weather Moderates the Relationship Between Built Environment Features and Outdoor Physical Activity of Adults.

Background: Research has not yet examined how hot weather moderates the relationship between the built environment and outdoor physical activity levels. The authors posited that hot days will increase the magnitude of the expected directional effect of built environment features on physical activity.

Methods: This longitudinal study included 134 US adults from the Three city Heat and Electrical failure AdapTation study.

Examining the diurnal temperature range enigma: why is human health related to the daily change in temperature?

An increasing number of epidemiological studies are finding statistical evidence that diurnal temperature range (DTR) is positively correlated to human morbidity and mortality despite the lack of clear clinical understanding. We examine a 14-year daily time series of emergency department (ED) admissions to the University of Virginia Medical Center in Charlottesville, Virginia, relative to long-term climate records from the Charlottesville/Albemarle County Airport weather station and the Spatial Synoptic Classification. DTR has a consistent strong positive correlation (r ~ 0.

The predictability of heat-related mortality in Prague, Czech Republic, during summer 2015-a comparison of selected thermal indices.

We compared selected thermal indices in their ability to predict heat-related mortality in Prague, Czech Republic, during the extraordinary summer 2015. Relatively, novel thermal indices-Universal Thermal Climate Index and Excess Heat Factor (EHF)-were compared with more traditional ones (apparent temperature, simplified wet-bulb globe temperature (WBGT), and physiologically equivalent temperature). The relationships between thermal indices and all-cause relative mortality deviations from the baseline (excess mortality) were estimated by generalized additive models for the extended summer season (May-September) during 1994-2014.

In the light of change: a mixed methods investigation of climate perceptions and the instrumental record in northern Sweden.

Significant climate change in the Arctic has been observed by indigenous peoples and reported in scientific literature, but there has been little research comparing these two knowledge bases. In this study, Sami reindeer herder interviews and observational weather data were combined to provide a comprehensive description of climate changes in Northern Sweden. The interviewees described warmer winters, shorter snow seasons and cold periods, and increased temperature variability.

Heat exposure during outdoor activities in the US varies significantly by city, demography, and activity.

Environmental heat is a growing public health concern in cities. Urbanization and global climate change threaten to exacerbate heat as an already significant environmental cause of human morbidity and mortality. Despite increasing risk, very little is known regarding determinants of outdoor urban heat exposure.

Estimated Effect of Temperature on Years of Life Lost: A Retrospective Time-Series Study of Low-, Middle-, and High-Income Regions.

Background: Numerous studies have reported a strong association between temperature and mortality. Additional insights can be gained from investigating the effects of temperature on years of life lost (YLL), considering the life expectancy at the time of death.

Objectives: The goal of this work was to assess the association between temperature and YLL at seven low-, middle-, and high-income sites.

Adaptation to Climate Change: A Comparative Analysis of Modeling Methods for Heat-Related Mortality.

Background: Multiple methods are employed for modeling adaptation when projecting the impact of climate change on heat-related mortality. The sensitivity of impacts to each is unknown because they have never been systematically compared. In addition, little is known about the relative sensitivity of impacts to "adaptation uncertainty" (i.

Biometeorology for cities.

Improvements in global sustainability, health, and equity will largely be determined by the extent to which cities are able to become more efficient, hospitable, and productive places. The development and evolution of urban areas has a significant impact on local and regional weather and climate, which subsequently affect people and other organisms that live in and near cities. Biometeorologists, researchers who study the impact of weather and climate on living creatures, are well positioned to help evaluate and anticipate the consequences of urbanization on the biosphere.

Supporting sustainability initiatives through biometeorology education and training.

The International Society of Biometeorology (ISB) has covered significant breadth and depth addressing fundamental and applied societal and environmental challenges in the last 60 years. Biometeorology is an interdisciplinary science connecting living organisms to their environment, but there is very little understanding of the existence and placement of this discipline within formal educational systems and institutions. It is thus difficult to project the ability of members of the biometeorological community-especially the biometeorologists of the future-to help solve global challenges.