Strategies for Improving Access to Cancer Services in Rural Communities: A Pre-implementation Study.

Background: Implementation science is defined as the scientific study of methods and strategies that facilitate the uptake of evidence-based practice into regular use by practitioners. Failure of implementation is more common in resource-limited settings and may contribute to health disparities between rural and urban communities. In this pre-implementation study, we aimed to (1) evaluate barriers and facilitators for implementation of guideline-concordant healthcare services for cancer patients in rural communities in Upstate New York and (2) identify key strategies for successful implementation of cancer services and supportive programs in resource-poor settings.

Medical Students' Career Choice and Attitudes Toward Psychiatry: Case of the Czech Republic.

Objective: A survey among medical students of all medical schools in the Czech Republic was conducted to investigate attitudes and views of psychiatry and career choice of psychiatry.

Methods: A Czech version of the Attitudes to Psychiatry Scale (APS) and a questionnaire surveying demographic characteristics and choices of future specialty were distributed to all medical students of eight medical schools in the Czech Republic via the schools' internal communication systems in the form of an anonymous online questionnaire.

Results: Out of a total of 10,147 medical students in the Czech Republic (academic year 2019/2020), 2418 students participated in the survey (response rate 23.

Optimizing interconception care: Rationale for the IMPLICIT model.

Despite traditional prenatal interventions, the incidence of low birth weight and prematurity in the United States have not significantly decreased. Interconception care for women between pregnancies has been proposed as a method of improving various perinatal outcomes. Although broadly advocated by national groups, interconception care (ICC) has not been widely implemented.

Latent toxoplasmosis reduces gray matter density in schizophrenia but not in controls: voxel-based-morphometry (VBM) study.

Objectives: To address the role of latent T. gondii infection in schizophrenia we studied the influence of latent toxoplasmosis on brain morphology.

Methods: An optimized voxel-based morphometry of magnetic resonance imaging was analyzed by analysis of variance with diagnosis and seropositivity as factors in 44 schizophrenic patients (12 T.

Primary care and the early phases of schizophrenia in the Czech Republic.

Aim: To explore knowledge, treatment setting, attitudes and needs associated with patients in early phases of psychosis among general practitioners (GPs) in Prague, and to compare results with GPs from 6 countries participating in the International GP Study (IGPS) on Early Psychosis (Canada, Australia, New Zealand, England, Norway, Austria).

Methods: Survey questionnaires were mailed to 648 GPs in the city of Prague.

Results: The response rate was 19.

Development and evaluation of a multiple-plate fraction collector for sample processing: application to radioprofiling in drug metabolism studies.

Microplate scintillation counters are utilized routinely in drug metabolism laboratories for the off-line radioanalysis of fractions collected during HPLC radioprofiling. In this process, the current fraction collection technology is limited by the number of plates that can be used per injection as well as the potential for sample loss due to dripping or spraying as the fraction collector head moves from well to well or between plates. More importantly, sample throughput is limited in the conventional process, since the collection plates must be manually exchanged after each injection.

PT or cervical collar for cervical radiculopathy?

To shorten recovery time for adults with acute cervical radiculopathy, recommend either physical therapy (PT) and a home exercise plan or a cervical collar and rest. Both are more effective than a wait-and-see strategy.

The International Study on General Practitioners and Early Psychosis (IGPS).

Background: In much of the world, general practitioners (GPs) are the health professionals most frequently initially contacted when a young person is developing psychosis. However little is known about their expertise in assessing psychosis and its risk.

Methods: To assess the diagnostic patterns and treatment practices related to psychosis of GPs working in a range of health care systems, questionnaires were mailed to 12,516 randomly selected GPs in seven countries: Canada, Australia, New Zealand, England, Norway, Austria and the Czech Republic.

Stereocontrolled synthesis of (-)-macrolactin A.

The total synthesis of (-)-macrolactin A, a 24-membered macrolide, has been achieved using a newly developed 1,3-diol synthon for the introduction of two key stereogenic centers. The synthon was derived from sequential use of the Noyori asymmetric reduction followed by chiral sulfoxide methodology. Tellurium-derived cuprate organometallics offered an efficient and highly stereoselective means for installation of the C8 Z/E-diene, while the C15 E/E-segment was derived from a Julia-Lythgoe olefination.