Sudden infant death syndrome: cry characteristics.

Objective: To acoustically evaluate the cries of SIDS infants and compare these cry features to a group of healthy term (HT) infants, as well as previously published results for SIDS infants.

Methods: Pain-induced crying episodes were collected from four infants during the first weeks of life that later died of SIDS. Temporal and spectral features of each crying episode were characterized based on measures of cry duration, cry fundamental frequency (F0), and cry formant frequencies (F1 and F2).

Perspective on racial/ethnic birth weight.

Objective: Comprehensive birth weight analyses of single primiparous infants of Samoan, Caucasian, Chinese, Filipino, Hawaiian/Part Hawaiian, Japanese racial ethnic groups. Sampling of intrauterine growth designed to reflect antecedent intra- and extra-environmental factors and insure uniform racial-ethnic data for any later genetic and phenotypic birth weight modeling.

Study Design: Based upon predetermined relevant gestational age criteria, 121, 197 single primiparous infants birth weight records analyzed.

Cry features in siblings of SIDS.

Aim: To examine the acoustic features of crying demonstrated by infants whose older sibling died of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) and compare these features to a nonrisk group of infants.

Methods: Pain-induced crying episodes were collected from a group of healthy term (HT) infants and siblings of SIDS infants. One complete crying episode was obtained from each infant and analyzed acoustically with regard to durational and spectral features.

Cry analysis in infants resuscitated for apnea of infancy.

Objective: The purpose of the present study was to examine the acoustic features of crying demonstrated by infants who experienced apnea of infancy (AOI) and compare these features to a non-AOI group of infants. Based on past physiological descriptions of AOI, three predictions in regard to the influence of AOI on acoustic cry features were proposed: (1) the rate of crying would be significantly faster among infants with AOI, (2) the latency of crying onset would be significantly longer among infants with AOI and (3) the F(0) characterizing an overall episode of crying would be significantly lower among infants with AOI.

Patients And Methods: Pain-induced crying episodes were collected from a group of healthy term infants (HT) and those with AOI.

Samoan parental ethnicity and infant birth-weight in Hawai'i.

Objective: Comparative study of racial-ethnic (RE) gestational age (GA) mean birth-weight (MBW) differences for 1968-1994.

Study Design: Descriptive statistical analyses of 314,633 State of Hawai'i live birth certificates: birthweights of 500-5000 grams, gestational ages 24-42 weeks, and recorded Caucasian, Chinese, Filipino, Hawaiian, Japanese, Samoan, and Other RE parentage. Multiple regression analyses of single infant birth records were performed to adjust birth-weight for selected covariates and assess the independent effects of maternal and paternal RE on MBW.

Factors that influence use of a home cardiorespiratory monitor for infants: the collaborative home infant monitoring evaluation.

Background: As part of the Collaborative Home Infant Monitoring Evaluation, a home monitor was developed to record breathing, heart rate, other physiologic variables, and the time the monitor was used.

Objective: To determine the frequency of monitor use, factors that influence use, and validity of a model developed to predict use.

Design: We developed a model to predict monitor use using multiple linear regression analysis; we then tested the validity of this model to predict adherence for the first week of monitoring and for the subsequent 4-week period (weeks 2-5).

Ontogeny of arousal.

Ontogeny of arousal data constitute a vital supplement to the sparse literature on spontaneous neuronal activity. These data demonstrate that measurable infant spontaneous arousals (SAs) with an inherent oscillatory entrainment occur six times more in active sleep than in quiet sleep of the same duration and are identifiable as a human neurobiologic function. These SAs are not significantly associated with race or ethnicity, gender, total hours spent sleeping, percent time spent in active or quiet sleep, preterm status, history of a life-threatening event, having had a sibling who died of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS), or having had a mother who smoked during this pregnancy.

Cardiorespiratory events detected by home memory monitoring and one-year neurodevelopmental outcome.

Objective: To determine if infants with cardiorespiratory events detected by home memory monitoring during early infancy have decreased neurodevelopmental performance.

Study Design: Infants (n = 256) enrolled in the Collaborative Home Infant Monitoring Evaluation also completed the Bayley Scales of Infant Development II at 92 weeks' postconceptional age. Infants were classified as having 0, 1 to 4, or 5+ cardiorespiratory events.

Infant polysomnography: reliability and validity of infant arousal assessment.

Infant arousal scoring based on the Atlas Task Force definition of transient EEG arousal was evaluated to determine (1). whether transient arousals can be identified and assessed reliably in infants and (2). whether arousal and no-arousal epochs scored previously by trained raters can be validated reliably by independent sleep experts.