Brainstem infarct from cervical vertebral artery dissection presenting as a transient Parinaud syndrome.

Purpose: To report a case of transient diplopia and upgaze paresis in the setting of acute dorsal midbrain infarcts from a cervical vertebral artery dissection in an otherwise healthy man.

Observations: A 33-year old man presented to the ophthalmology urgent clinic with a 1 h history of blurred and double vision, asthenopia, and a mild focal left posterior headache. Ocular motility examination revealed a profound upgaze palsy and convergence-retraction horizontal jerk nystagmus in attempted upgaze that gradually improved over the course of 1 h.

Hemorrhage Following Muller's Muscle Conjunctival Resection: Description and Case-Control Study.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to report a series of patients with postoperative hemorrhage after Muller's muscle conjunctival resection surgery and compare risk factors and outcomes with a control population.

Methods: In this case-control study, records of patients who underwent Muller's muscle conjunctival resection over 5 years were reviewed for a history of postoperative hemorrhage occurring >24 hours after surgery. A 4:1 control population was matched for age and sex.

Combination endoscopic surgical debridement and transcutaneous retrobulbar amphotericin B for acute rhino-orbital-cerebral aspergillosis.

Purpose: To report a case of acute rhino-orbital-cerebral aspergillosis with aggressive intracranial and orbital extension co-managed medically and surgically with endoscopic sinus debridement and multiple retrobulbar injections of amphotericin B.

Observations: A 70-year-old male patient presented via external transfer with headaches and left ophthalmoplegia concerning for severe complicated sinusitis with intracranial and left orbital spread. His history is notable for a simultaneous heart-kidney transplant three years prior on chronic immunosuppression.

Left atrial size and strain in elite athletes: A cross-sectional study at the NBA Draft Combine.

Introduction: Atrial dilatation is common but of unclear physiologic significance in high-performance athletes. Myocardial deformation analysis utilizing speckle-tracking echocardiography has emerged as a promising tool to evaluate atrial function. In a cohort of elite basketball players attending the National Basketball Association (NBA) Draft Combine, we investigate changes in left atrial (LA) size as well as function as measured by strain.

Ophthalmic Drug Discovery in the United States over the past Two Decades.

Purpose: Pharmaceutical development has slowed since the turn of the century and there has been recent legislation passed that aims to accelerate drug approval. Ophthalmic drug discovery has unique challenges that may benefit from these legislative changes. We report original pharmaceutical approvals for ophthalmic indications in order to determine whether ophthalmic drug approvals are similarly decreasing.

Pilot Study of [F] Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography (FDG-PET)/Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) for Staging of Muscle-invasive Bladder Cancer (MIBC).

Introduction: Computed tomography (CT) has limited diagnostic accuracy for staging of muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC). [F] Fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET)/magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a novel imaging modality incorporating functional imaging with improved soft tissue characterization. This pilot study evaluated the use of preoperative FDG-PET/MRI for staging of MIBC.

Clinical Trials in Obstructive Sleep Apnea: Recognizing Trends and Future Opportunities.

Objectives/hypothesis: Examine US and international clinical trials in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) to characterize researchers involved, interventions being studied, and opportunities for future investigation.

Study Design: Retrospective database review.

Methods: The information from ClinicalTrials.

Adverse childhood experiences and smoking persistence in adults with smoking-related symptoms and illness.

Objectives: Little is known about why people continue to smoke after learning that they have diseases and conditions that contraindicate smoking. Using data from the Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACE) Study, we examined the relation between ACEs and smoking behavior when smoking-related illnesses or conditions are present, both with and without depression as a mediator.

Methods: Participants were more than 17,000 adult HMO members who retrospectively reported on eight categories of ACEs (emotional, physical, and sexual abuse; witnessing interparental violence; parental divorce; and growing up with a substance-abusing, mentally ill, or incarcerated household member).

Computing shortest cycles on discrete surfaces for acurate topological modifications of medical image isosurfaces.

Topological control over discrete isosurface is of primordial interest in medical applications, especially discrete model building for active contours. Previous attempts showed that the key point in acurately modifying topology was computation of shortest cycles on the surface of interest. This paper generalizes the shortest path algorithm to compute shortest cycles in a given homotopy class on a discrete surface with arbitrary topology.

Diarrheal disease on cruise ships, 1990-2000: the impact of environmental health programs.

Background: In 1975, the then-Center for Disease Control (CDC) established the Vessel Sanitation Program (VSP) to minimize the risk for diarrheal disease among passengers and crew aboard ships by assisting the cruise ship industry in developing and implementing comprehensive environmental health programs.

Objectives: To evaluate the relationship between cruise ship sanitation scores and diarrheal disease incidence and outbreaks among cruise ship passengers.

Methods: Retrospective cohort study of ship inspection and diarrheal disease data from 1990 through 2000 from the National Center for Environmental Health, CDC database, for cruise ships entering the United States.

Childhood vaccinations and risk of asthma.

Background: A few previous studies have suggested that childhood vaccines, particularly whole cell pertussis vaccine, may increase the risk of asthma. We evaluated the suggested association between childhood vaccinations and risk of asthma.

Methods: Cohort study involving 167,240 children who were enrolled in 4 large health maintenance organizations during 1991 to 1997, with follow-up from birth until at least 18 months to a maximum of 6 years of age.