Predictors of Clonality and Underlying Mastocytosis in Mast Cell Activation Syndromes.

Purpose Of Review: Mast cell (MC) activation can present with a wide range of symptoms. The mechanisms that cause such activation are varied. One of them is the presence of clonal MCs which is defined, within other possible changes, by the presence of a somatic, activating mutation in the KIT gene.

Structural Similarities, in Relation with the Cross-Reactivity, of Hymenoptera Allergenic Dipeptidyl Peptidases IV-An Overall Comparison Including a New Dipeptidyl Peptidase IV Sequence from .

(1) Background: Dipeptidyl Peptidases IV (DPPIVs), present in many organisms, are minor components in the venoms of Hymenoptera, where they have been identified as cross-reactive allergenic molecules. Considering that the structure of homologous DPPIVs is well characterized, we aimed to explain which regions have higher similarity among these proteins and present a comparison among them, including a new DPPIV sequence. Moreover, two cases of sensitization to DPPIVs in wasp- and honeybee-sensitized patients are presented.

Value of the Lymphocyte Transformation Test for the Diagnosis of Drug-Induced Hypersensitivity Reactions in Hospitalized Patients with Severe COVID-19.

In the first wave of COVID-19, up to 20% of patients had skin lesions with variable characteristics. There is no clear evidence of the involvement of the SARS-CoV-2 virus in all cases; some of these lesions may be secondary to drug hypersensitivity. To analyze the possible cause of the skin lesions, we performed a complete allergology study on 11 patients.

Disease Spectrum of Anaphylaxis Disorders.

Anaphylaxis results from massive mast cell activation. Mechanisms of mast cell activation may involve IgE- and non-IgE-mediated triggers, clonal mast cell disease, or be idiopathic and may be modified by several factors including but not restricted to hormonal status, stress, heritable factors, mast cell burden, and simultaneous exposure to more than 1 factor. Patients with recurrent anaphylaxis with a nonidentifiable trigger present a particular challenge in diagnosis and management.

Optimisation of the quality of care for patients with severe asthma: ASfarMA project.

 Severe asthma has an important impact on patients and healthcare resources. Recently, the new specific treatments have defined a new scenario in which person-focused care and specialist multidisciplinary teams are necessary. Our Severe Asthma Unit (SAU) started the ASfarMA project along with an external human-centered design company to understand patients' vision of their illness, treatment, and healthcare experience, and to define the ideal SAU by performing a core group session, in-depth semistructured interviews and co-creation workshop.

Personalized diagnostic approach and indirect quantification of extravasation in human anaphylaxis.

Background: Anaphylaxis is the most acute and life-threatening manifestation of allergic disorders. Currently, there is a need to improve its medical management and increase the understanding of its molecular mechanisms. This study aimed to quantify the extravasation underlying human anaphylactic reactions and propose new theragnostic approaches.

Safety and Effectiveness of a Single Multiallergen Subcutaneous Immunotherapy in Polyallergic Patients.

Background: As the number of allergic sensitizations increases the severity of allergic respiratory diseases worsens. Multiple monoallergen immunotherapy can be accompanied by poor treatment adherence and high costs, single multiallergen immunotherapy needs to prove efficacy whilst maintaining a good safety profile.

Methods: Observational, retrospective, multicenter study using a 2-pollen single undiluted multiallergen subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT) in routine clinical practice in Spain.

Feasibility and Acceptability of an Asthma App to Monitor Medication Adherence: Mixed Methods Study.

Background: Poor medication adherence is a major challenge in asthma, and objective assessment of inhaler adherence is needed. The InspirerMundi app aims to monitor adherence while providing a positive experience through gamification and social support.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of the InspirerMundi app to monitor medication adherence in adolescents and adults with persistent asthma (treated with daily inhaled medication).

Increased Copy Number in a Family With Elevated Basal Serum Levels of Tryptase.

Some recent familial studies have described a pattern of autosomal dominant inheritance for increased basal serum tryptase (BST), but no correlation with mRNA expression and gene dose have been reported. We analyzed mRNA expression and gene dose in a four-member family with high BST and in two control subjects. Blood samples were collected from the family and control subjects.

Prospective assessment of diagnostic tests for pediatric penicillin allergy: From clinical history to challenge tests.

Background: Diagnostic guidelines for penicillin allergy in children recommend cumbersome protocols based partially on data from adults, which may be suboptimal for pediatric use.

Objective: To assess the accuracy of tools for diagnosis of penicillin allergy in children.

Methods: A prospective, multicenter study was conducted in children with reported adverse events related to penicillin, excluding severe reactions.