Comparison of treatments for equine laryngeal hemiplegia using computational fluid dynamic analysis in an equine head model.

Introduction: Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is gaining momentum as a useful mechanism for analyzing obstructive disorders and surgeries in humans and warrants further development for application in equine surgery. While advancements in procedures continue, much remains unknown about the specific impact that different surgeries have on obstructive airway disorders. The objective of this study was to apply CFD analysis to an equine head inhalation model replicating recurrent laryngeal neuropathy (RLN) and four surgical procedures.

Predictors of death without prior appropriate therapy in ICD recipients: the comorbidities, frailty and functional status (COMFFORT study).

Objective: Most patients who have an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) implant do not receive life-prolonging therapy from it. Little research has been undertaken to determine which patients benefit the least from ICD therapy. As patients age and accumulate comorbidities, the risk of death increases and the benefit of ICDs diminishes.

Dual-Task Interference Effects on Lower-Extremity Muscle Activities during Gait Initiation and Steady-State Gait among Healthy Young Individuals, Measured Using Wireless Electromyography Sensors.

To maintain a healthy lifestyle, adults rely on their ability to walk while simultaneously managing multiple tasks that challenge their coordination. This study investigates the impact of cognitive dual tasks on lower-limb muscle activities in 21 healthy young adults during both gait initiation and steady-state gait. We utilized wireless electromyography sensors to measure muscle activities, along with a 3D motion capture system and force plates to detect the phases of gait initiation and steady-state gait.

Computational fluid dynamic analysis of upper airway procedures in equine larynges.

Introduction: Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) has proven useful in the planning of upper airway surgery in humans, where it is used to anticipate the influence of the surgical procedures on post-operative airflow. This technology has only been reported twice in an equine model, with a limited scope of airflow mechanics situations examined. The reported study sought to widen this application to the variety of procedures used to treat equine recurrent laryngeal neuropathy (RLN).

A biomechanical comparison of a novel two-loop suture technique and two sutures for laryngoplasty in the horse.

Objectives: Evaluation of the strength of the novel suture technique by comparison with a 2-interrupted suture technique.

Sample: 40 equine larynges.

Procedures: 40 larynges were used; 16 laryngoplasties were performed using the currently accepted 2-suture technique and 16 using the novel suture technique.

Pain during cardiac implantable electronic device implantation.

In order to evaluate the extent and causes of pain during cardiac implantable electronic device (CIED) implantation in our hospital, a prospective audit over a 23-month period using a patient selfreporting questionnaire was undertaken. In total, 599 procedures were reported, 52.9% for pacemaker implantation and 23.

Computed tomographic geometrical analysis of surgical treatments for equine recurrent laryngeal neuropathy.

Objectives: To characterize the 3-D geometry of the equine larynx replicating laryngeal hemiplegia and 4 surgical interventions by use of CT under steady-state airflow conditions. Secondly, to use fluid mechanic principles of flow through a constriction to establish the relationship between measured airflow geometries with impedance for each surgical procedure.

Sample: 10 cadaveric horse larynges.

Personalized subcutaneous implantable cardioverter-defibrillator sensing vectors generated by mathematical rotation increase device eligibility whilst preserving device performance.

Aims: Approximately 5.7% of potential subcutaneous implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (S-ICD) recipients are ineligible by virtue of their vector morphology, with higher rates of ineligibility observed in some at-risk groups. Mathematical vector rotation is a novel technique that can generate a personalized sensing vector, one with maximal R:T ratio, using electrocardiogram (ECG) signal recorded from the present S-ICD location.

Crystal structures of phosphine-supported (η-cyclo-penta-dien-yl)molybdenum(II) propionyl complexes.

Three cyclo-penta-dienylmolybdenum(II) propionyl complexes featuring tri-aryl-phosphine ligands with different substituents, namely, dicarbon-yl(η-cyclo-penta-dien-yl)propion-yl(tri-phenyl-phosphane-κ)molybdenum(II), [Mo(CH)(CHO)(CHP)(CO)], (), dicarbon-yl(η-cyclo-penta-dien-yl)propion-yl[tris-(4-fluoro-phen-yl)phosphane-κ]molybdenum(II), [Mo(CH)(CHO)(CHFP)(CO)], (), and dicarbon-yl(η-cyclo-penta-dien-yl)propion-yl[tris-(4-meth-oxy-phen-yl)phosphane-κ]molybdenum(II) dichloromethane solvate, [Mo(CH)(CHO)(CHOP)(CO)]·CHCl, (), have been prepared from the corresponding ethyl complexes phosphine-induced migratory insertion. These complexes exhibit four-legged piano-stool geom-etries with mol-ecular structures quite similar to each other and to related acetyl complexes. The extended structures of the three complexes differ somewhat, with the substituent of the tri-aryl-phosphine of () (fluoro) or () (meth-oxy) engaging in non-classical C-H⋯F or C-H⋯O hydrogen-bonding inter-actions.

Chitosan-based agent use for hemostasis after cryptorchidectomy in a horse.

Objective: To document marked hemorrhage as a complication of inguinal cryptorchidectomy and its successful treatment with a novel chitosan-based hemostatic agent.

Study Design: Case report.

Animals: One healthy 5-year old quarter horse cryptorchid.

Ex vivo evaluation of arytenoid corniculectomy, compared with three other airway interventions, performed on cadaveric equine larynges with simulated recurrent laryngeal neuropathy.

Objective: To compare laryngeal impedance, in terms of air flow and pressure, following arytenoid corniculectomy (COR) versus 3 other airway interventions (left-sided laryngoplasty with ipsilateral ventriculocordectomy [LLP], LLP combined with COR [LLPCOR], and partial arytenoidectomy [PA]) performed on cadaveric equine larynges with simulated left recurrent laryngeal neuropathy (RLN) and to determine whether relative laryngeal collapse correlated with the interventions performed.

Sample: 28 cadaveric equine larynges.

Procedures: Each larynx in states of simulated left RLN alone and with airway interventions in the order LLP, LLPCOR, COR, and PA was evaluated in a box model construct that replicated upper airway flow mechanics consistent with peak exercise in horses.

Sacrococcygeal luxation and complete tail amputation following a tail pull injury in a horse.

A 17-year-old Quarter horse mare was presented because of traumatic luxation of the fifth sacral and first coccygeal vertebrae resulting in loss of sensation, motor function, and perfusion of the tail. The case was complicated by an associated tail head hematoma. Due to the severity of the injury, tail amputation was performed at the level of the luxation.

Novel technique for prevention of rotation of the distal phalanx relative to the hoof wall in horses with acute laminitis.

Objective: To determine the holding capacity of a 5.5-mm-diameter cortical bone screw when placed in the third phalanx (P3) of horses and assess whether screw placement through the dorsal hoof wall into P3 would be tolerated by clinically normal horses and would alleviate signs of pain and prevent P3 rotation in horses with oligofructose-induced laminitis.

Animals: 40 limbs from 10 equine cadavers and 19 clinically normal adult horses.

Electrode positions, transformation coordinates for ECG reconstruction from S-ICD vectors.

The article contains data pertaining to the reconstruction of an 8-lead ECG from 2 subcutaneous implantable cardioverter defibrillator vectors. The location of electrodes on the precordium required for the data collection are detailed; the flow chart for patient selection and exclusion is shown; the summary data of the root mean square error (RMSE) (in microvolts) and Pearson for the ECG transformation all cases and the pearson correlation for all the leads measured and reconstructed leads are also shown. Detailed background, methodology and discussion can be found in the linked research article.

Increasing age does not affect time to appropriate therapy in primary prevention ICD/CRT-D: a competing risks analysis.

Aims: To evaluate the impact of age on the clinical outcomes in a primary prevention implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD)/cardiac resynchronization therapy defibrillator (CRT-D) population.

Methods And Results: A retrospective, multicentre analysis of patients aged 60 years and over with primary prevention ICD/CRT-D devices implanted between 1 January 2006 and 1 November 2014 was performed. Survival to follow-up with no therapy (T1), death prior to follow-up with no therapy (T2), delivery of appropriate therapy with survival to follow-up (T3), and delivery of appropriate therapy with death prior to follow-up (T4) were measured.

Reconstruction of an 8-lead surface ECG from two subcutaneous ICD vectors.

Introduction: Techniques exist which allow surface ECGs to be reconstructed from reduced lead sets. We aimed to reconstruct an 8-lead ECG from two independent S-ICD sensing electrodes vectors as proof of this principle.

Methods: Participants with ICDs (N=61) underwent 3minute ECGs using a TMSi Porti7 multi-channel signal recorder (TMS international, The Netherlands) with electrodes in the standard S-ICD and 12-lead positions.

Quality of Adhesions After Sutured Paramedian vs. Laparoscopic Toggle Abomasopexy in an Ovine Model.

Objective: To evaluate adhesions created by abomasopexies using either chromic gut or polydioxanone suture through a right paramedian approach and determine whether a laparoscopic toggle technique is an acceptable alternative to open abomasopexy using an ovine model.

Study Design: Experimental study.

Animals: Mature ewes (n=30).

Left and Right Parasternal Sensing for the S-ICD in Adult Congenital Heart Disease Patients and Normal Controls.

Background: This study investigated the impact of a right parasternal sensing electrode position on the R- and T-wave amplitudes and the R:T ratio in three subcutaneous implantable cardioverter defibrillator (S-ICD) vectors in patients with adult congenital heart disease (ACHD) and normal controls.

Methods: Conventional left parasternal sensing electrode position and right parasternal sensing electrode positions were used to collect 10-second electrograms, recorded through an 80-electrode body surface mapping technology (Prime ECG™ system, Heartscape Technologies Inc., now Verathon, Columbia, MD, USA).

Occurrence of Incisional Complications After Closure of Equine Celiotomies With USP 7 Polydioxanone.

Objectives: To report the occurrence of, and risk factors associated with, incisional complications of equine ventral median celiotomies closed with USP 7 polydioxanone (7PD).

Study Design: Retrospective case series.

Sample Population: Horses (n = 73; 75 celiotomies).