Spontaneous pneumomediastinum secondary to refractory dermatomyositis successfully treated with rituximab.

Spontaneous pneumomediastinum has been described in patients with dermatomyositis (DM) and polymyositis (Korkmaz et al., Rheumatology 40:476-478, 2001; Maruoka et al., Mod Rheumatol 16:55-57, 2006; Kono et al.