Skeletal Muscle, Skin, and Bone as Three Major Nitrate Reservoirs in Mammals: Chemiluminescence and N-Tracer Studies in Yorkshire Pigs.

In mammals, nitric oxide (NO) is generated either by the nitric oxide synthase (NOS) enzymes from arginine or by the reduction of nitrate to nitrite by tissue xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR) and the microbiome and further reducing nitrite to NO by XOR or several heme proteins. Previously, we reported that skeletal muscle acts as a large nitrate reservoir in mammals, and this nitrate reservoir is systemically, as well as locally, used to generate nitrite and NO. Here, we report identifying two additional nitrate storage organs-bone and skin.

Comparison of acute thrombogenicity for magnesium versus stainless steel stents in a porcine arteriovenous shunt model.

Aims: The present study aimed to investigate whether the Magmaris resorbable magnesium scaffold (RMS) has platelet-repelling properties by comparing its acute thrombogenicity with an equivalent stainless steel stent in an arteriovenous shunt model.

Methods And Results: An ex vivo porcine carotid jugular arteriovenous shunt was established and connected to Sylgard tubing containing the Magmaris RMS with sirolimus-eluting PLLA coating and an equivalent 316L stainless steel stent with sirolimus-eluting PLLA coating. Six shunts (two shunt runs per pig) were run comparing the two scaffolds (n=9) in alternating order.

Multimodality imaging demonstrates trafficking of liposomes preferentially to ischemic myocardium.

Introduction: Nanoparticles may serve as a promising means to deliver novel therapeutics to the myocardium following myocardial infarction. We sought to determine whether lipid-based liposomal nanoparticles can be shown through different imaging modalities to specifically target injured myocardium following intravenous injection in an ischemia-reperfusion murine myocardial infarction model.

Methods: Mice underwent ischemia-reperfusion surgery and then either received tail-vein injection with gadolinium- and fluorescent-labeled liposomes or no injection (control).

PhotoPoint photodynamic therapy promotes stabilization of atherosclerotic plaques and inhibits plaque progression.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine how photodynamic therapy (PDT) promotes stabilization and reduction of regional atherosclerosis.

Background: Photodynamic therapy, a combination of photosensitizer and targeted light to promote cell apoptosis, has been shown to reduce atherosclerotic plaque inflammation.

Methods: Forty New Zealand White rabbits were fed with cholesterol.