Control of postoperative pain with a wearable continuously operating pulsed radiofrequency energy device: a preliminary study.

Background: Pulsed radiofrequency energy (PRFE) has long been reported to have a therapeutic effect on postoperative pain. In this study, a portable, wearable, low-energy-emitting PRFE therapy device was used to determine the control of postoperative pain after breast augmentation surgery.

Methods: The study enrolled 18 healthy women who underwent breast augmentation purely for aesthetic considerations.

Nonunion of the external maxillary distraction in cleft lip and palate: analysis of possible reasons.

Purpose: Distraction osteogenesis (DO) is an effective way to treat severe maxillary deficiency in patients with cleft lip and palate. It has been reported to have long-term stability and low relapse rate compared with conventional maxillary osteotomy in large maxillary movement. However, complications such as nonunion are seldom reported.

Clinical experience with the application of distraction osteogenesis for airway obstruction.

Objectives: The objective of this study was to evaluate the long-term success of mandibular distraction osteogenesis in patients with mandibular airway obstruction syndrome (MAOS), defined as obstructive sleep apnea, swallowing abnormalities, and failure to thrive in the presence of micrognathia, glossoptosis, gastroesophageal or laryngeal reflux, and microaspiration. This is a cross-sectional study at the International Craniofacial Institute in the Medical City Hospital, Dallas, TX. From January 1997 to July 2008, a group of 81 patients were examined for MAOS using medical history and physical examination.

Bone grafts in craniofacial surgery.

Reconstruction of cranial and maxillofacial defects is a challenging task. The standard reconstruction method has been bone grafting. In this review, we shall describe the biological principles of bone graft healing, as pertinent to craniofacial reconstruction.

Effect of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 on bone regeneration in large defects of the growing canine skull after dura mater replacement with a dura mater substitute.

Object: This study was designed to evaluate the bone regeneration potential of the dura mater and dura mater substitute (Durepair) in the presence of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) delivered in a collagen sponge-collagen-ceramic matrix (CCM; MasterGraft Matrix) in a large skull defect in growing canines.

Methods: Forty immature male beagles were used to create two 2.5 x 4-cm cranial defects on each side of the sagittal suture.

Bone generation in the reconstruction of a critical size calvarial defect in an experimental model.

This study was designed to investigate the optimal combination of known osteogenic biomaterials with shape conforming struts to achieve calvarial vault reconstruction, using a canine model. Eighteen adolescent beagles were divided equally into 6 groups. A critical-size defect of 6 x 2 cm traversed the sagittal suture.

A novel method for measuring and monitoring monobloc distraction osteogenesis using three-dimensional computed tomography rendered images with the "biporion-dorsum sellae" plane. Part II: comparison of measurements before and after distraction.

The aim was to assess the stability of monobloc distraction osteogenesis using three-dimensional computed tomographic (CT) scan volume-rendered images with the "biporion-dorsum sellae" plane. This was a prospective study of patients undergoing monobloc internal distraction osteogenesis at the International Craniofacial Institute, Dallas, TX. Measurements were made of the perpendicular distance of 8 skeletal facial points to the static "biporion-dorsum sellae" plane.

Recombinant human BMP-2 enhances the effects of materials used for reconstruction of large cranial defects.

Purpose: Cranial defect reconstruction presents 2 challenges: induction of new bone formation, and providing structural support during the healing process. This study compares quantity and quality of new bone formation based on various materials and support frameworks.

Materials And Methods: Eighteen dogs underwent surgical removal of a significant portion of their cranial vault.

Bone generation in the reconstruction of a critical size calvarial defect in an experimental model.

Objective: This study was designed to investigate the optimal combination of known osteogenic biomaterials with shape conforming struts to achieve calvarial vault reconstruction, using a canine model.

Methods: Eighteen adolescent beagles were divided equally into 6 groups. A critical size defect of 6 x 2 cm traversed the sagittal suture.

Norian craniofacial repair system: compatibility with resorbable and nonresorbable plating materials.

Background: Choice of bone replacement materials is important when reconstructing large craniofacial defects. Hydroxyapatite cements are often used for such reconstructions. Recent advances in the development of these cements have produced locally applied, in situ hardening materials excellent for use in craniofacial defects.

Functional and aesthetic endpoints in orthognathic surgery.

Although facial deformity can accurately be described and classified, the treatment goal can be more difficult to define. Functional and esthetic endpoints calibrated to a set of normal facial proportions may achieve a "normal" face but one that is not necessarily beautiful. Results of orthognathic surgery can dramatically be improved by adding an aesthetic concept to the surgical plan.

Preoperative screening for coagulopathy using prothrombin time and partial thromboplastin time in patients requiring primary cranial vault remodeling.

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of abnormal preoperative screening prothrombin time and partial thromboplastin time in patients listed for primary cranial vault remodeling that required hematologic workup and their diagnoses and subsequent management.

Methods: This retrospective analysis was performed from January of 2000 to December of 2003 at the International Craniofacial Institute, Dallas, Texas, on a total of 168 patients.

Results: All patients had a normal prothrombin time.

A novel method for measuring and monitoring monobloc distraction osteogenesis using three-dimensional computed tomography rendered images with the 'biporion-dorsum sellae' plane. Part I: Precision and reproducibility.

The results of craniofacial and orthognathic surgery have traditionally been monitored using lateral cephalometry. In the age of computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), newer methods of measuring surgical outcome have arisen. This has been further enhanced by the use of computer software to render CT images in a three-dimensional format.

Unilateral cleft lip-nose repair--long-term outcome.

Good to excellent results have consistently been achieved by the authors in primary unilateral cleft lip-nose repair. Modifications and improvements in their original technique have led to better symmetry and balance, with less scarring. This technique, when performed by experienced surgeons, yields consistent, predictable, and achievable outcomes for all patients with unilateral cleft lip and nose, where normal appearance and function at conversational distance is the standard of care.

Unilateral cleft lip-nose repair: a 33-year experience.

A 33-year experience with a proven method of repair for primary unilateral cleft lip-nose is presented. The technique used by the authors has been improved by modifications that have led to better symmetry and balance with less scarring. The technique involves ignoring the abnormal skeletal base, use of perisurgical passive orthopedics, and primary surgical correction of the nose and lip.