Emerging Gambling Problems and Suggested Interventions: A Systematic Review of Empirical Research.

The goal of the present systematic review is to identify emerging gambling problems and the harm minimization strategies proposed to address them. Our interdisciplinary research team conducted this systematic literature review in 5 nations between which there is significant gambling research exchange. A keyword search of the Scopus and Web of Science databases followed by filtering using inclusion criteria identified 1292 empirical gambling studies from peer-reviewed journals.

Pain and muscle activity of neck, shoulder, upper back, and forearm during touch screen tablet use by children.

Background: Children regularly use tablets in a variety of postures. Previous studies have shown that prolonged use of such an IT device increases the risk of musculoskeletal pain.

Objective: To investigate pain and muscle activity during tablet use by children in three different workstation positions-on the table with a case set, on a table, and on the lap.

Central Sensitization Inventory Mediates the Relationship Between Inflammatory Bowel Disease Activity and Worse Musculoskeletal Pain Experiences.

Background: Musculoskeletal conditions are well documented in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, whether IBD activity influences musculoskeletal pain experiences is uncertain. Central sensitization has been proposed in patients with IBD who are suffering from persistent pain.

Analysis of neck and shoulder postures, and muscle activities relative to perceived pain during laptop computer use at a low-height table, sofa and bed.

Background: Laptop computers are used in various places and situations. The number of laptop users experiencing musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) has increased drastically due to, in part, inappropriate workstations.

Objective: To investigate the neck and shoulder postures, and muscle activity relative to perceived pain when using the laptop at a low-height table, sofa, and bed.

A mapping review of research on gambling harm in three regulatory environments.

Background: Harmful gambling is a complex issue with diverse antecedents and resulting harms that have been studied from multiple disciplinary perspectives. Although previous bibliometric reviews of gambling studies have found a dominance of judgement and decision-making research, no bibliometric review has examined the concept of "harm" in the gambling literature, and little work has quantitatively assessed how gambling research priorities differ between countries.

Methods: Guided by the Conceptual Framework of Harmful Gambling (CFHG), an internationally relevant framework of antecedents to harmful gambling, we conducted a bibliometric analysis focusing on research outputs from three countries with different gambling regulatory environments: Canada, Australia, and New Zealand.

Digitization protocol for scoring reproductive phenology from herbarium specimens of seed plants.

Premise Of The Study: Herbarium specimens provide a robust record of historical plant phenology (the timing of seasonal events such as flowering or fruiting). However, the difficulty of aggregating phenological data from specimens arises from a lack of standardized scoring methods and definitions for phenological states across the collections community.

Methods And Results: To address this problem, we report on a consensus reached by an iDigBio working group of curators, researchers, and data standards experts regarding an efficient scoring protocol and a data-sharing protocol for reproductive traits available from herbarium specimens of seed plants.

Investigating the effect of a 3-month workplace-based pedometer-driven walking programme on health-related quality of life in meat processing workers: a feasibility study within a randomized controlled trial.

Background: In New Zealand, meat processing populations face many health problems as a result of the nature of work in meat processing industries. The primary aim of this study was to examine the feasibility of using a pedometer-based intervention to increase physical activity and improve health-related outcomes in a population of meat processing workers.

Methods: A single-blinded randomized controlled trial (RCT) was conducted.

Pain and Physical Functioning in Neuropathic Pain: A Systematic Review of Psychometric Properties of Various Outcome Measures.

Introduction: A range of outcome measures across various domains are used to evaluate change following an intervention in clinical trials on chronic neuropathic pain (NeP). However, to capture a real change in the variable of interest, the psychometric properties of a particular measure should demonstrate appropriate methodological quality. Various outcome measures in the domains of pain and physical functioning have been used in the literature for NeP, for which individual properties (eg, reliability/validity) have been reported.

Trends in access of plant biodiversity data revealed by Google Analytics.

The amount of plant biodiversity data available via the web has exploded in the last decade, but making these data available requires a considerable investment of time and work, both vital considerations for organizations and institutions looking to validate the impact factors of these online works. Here we used Google Analytics (GA), to measure the value of this digital presence. In this paper we examine usage trends using 15 different GA accounts, spread across 451 institutions or botanical projects that comprise over five percent of the world's herbaria.

Anthropometric characteristics of feet of soldiers in the New Zealand Army.

Lower limb and lower back injuries are prevalent within the New Zealand (NZ) Army: independently collected data shows these to be most prevalent, with on average 10% of military personnel affected by such an injury at any time. To improve the quality and appropriateness of footwear, it is essential that normative foot anthropometric data is collected from NZ Army personnel. NZ Army personnel (n = 807) were included in this study; data on foot length, circumference, width, and arch heights were collected.

The back 2 activity trial: education and advice versus education and advice plus a structured walking programme for chronic low back pain.

Background: Current evidence supports the use of exercise-based treatment for chronic low back pain that encourages the patient to assume an active role in their recovery. Walking has been shown it to be an acceptable type of exercise with a low risk of injury. However, it is not known whether structured physical activity programmes are any more effective than giving advice to remain active.

Does physical activity change predict functional recovery in low back pain? Protocol for a prospective cohort study.

Background: Activity advice and prescription are commonly used in the management of low back pain (LBP). Although there is evidence for advising patients with LBP to remain active, facilitating both recovery and return to work, to date no research has assessed whether objective measurements of free living physical activity (PA) can predict outcome, recovery and course of LBP.

Methods: An observational longitudinal study will investigate PA levels in a cohort of community-dwelling working age adults with acute and sub-acute LBP.

The effect of age on lumbar range of motion: a systematic review.

A systematic review and meta-analysis to determine the effect of age on lumbar range of motion (ROM). Assessment of lumbar ROM is commonly used in spinal clinical examination. Although known to reduce with advancing age, it is unclear how this occurs across different age bands; how this compares between movement planes; and what differences exist between males and females.

Gender differences in pressure pain threshold in healthy humans.

Unlabelled: AIMS OF INVESTIGATION: To quantify the magnitude of putative gender differences in experimental pressure pain threshold (PPT), and to establish the relevance of repeated measurements to any such differences.

Methods: Two separate studies were undertaken. A pressure algometer was used in both studies to assess PPT in the first dorsal interosseous muscle.

The lack of hypoalgesic efficacy of H-wave therapy on experimental ischaemic pain.

The hypoalgesic effect of H-wave therapy (HWT) at various frequencies (2-60 Hz) was assessed using a standardised form of the submaximal effort tourniquet technique (SETT). Healthy human volunteers (n = 112; 56 men, 56 women) were required to attend on two occasions; on the first, baseline pain scores were obtained and on the second, 48 h later, subjects were randomly assigned to control, placebo or 1 of 5 H-wave treatment conditions. In the treatment groups 2 self-adhesive electrodes were attached to the ipsilateral Erb's point and just lateral to the spinous processes of C6/C7.