Designing a framework for curriculum building in systematic review competencies for librarians: a case report.

Background: Librarians play an important role on systematic review teams because of their expertise in information organization, database searching, and records management. Many systematic review training opportunities exist, but not all are tailored to the needs of librarians. The Medical Library Association, along with a workgroup of experts on systematic reviews and review services, developed a Systematic Review Services Specialization (SRSS) that was launched in 2022.

Artificial intelligence uncertainty quantification in radiotherapy applications - A scoping review.

Background/purpose: The use of artificial intelligence (AI) in radiotherapy (RT) is expanding rapidly. However, there exists a notable lack of clinician trust in AI models, underscoring the need for effective uncertainty quantification (UQ) methods. The purpose of this study was to scope existing literature related to UQ in RT, identify areas of improvement, and determine future directions.

Retrospective operationalization of allostatic load in patients with cancer: A systematic review.

Allostatic load (AL) has been shown to impact cancer outcomes. At present, no gold standard exists surrounding AL computation. As such, a systematic review of the literature was performed to identify studies that retrospectively calculated AL in patients with cancer.

Artificial Intelligence Uncertainty Quantification in Radiotherapy Applications - A Scoping Review.

Background/purpose: The use of artificial intelligence (AI) in radiotherapy (RT) is expanding rapidly. However, there exists a notable lack of clinician trust in AI models, underscoring the need for effective uncertainty quantification (UQ) methods. The purpose of this study was to scope existing literature related to UQ in RT, identify areas of improvement, and determine future directions.

A structured curriculum supporting biomedical trainees' transition into independent academic positions and early career success.

The United States government makes a substantial investment in biomedical training programs each year. However, for most trainees, these opportunities do not translate into career progression in academic research pathways. Only about one-fifth of postdoctoral fellows eventually secure a tenure-track faculty position, and even among these candidates, attrition is high.

The New Media Landscape and Its Effects on Skin Cancer Diagnostics, Prognostics, and Prevention: Scoping Review.

Background: The wide availability of web-based sources, including social media (SM), has supported rapid, widespread dissemination of health information. This dissemination can be an asset during public health emergencies; however, it can also present challenges when the information is inaccurate or ill-informed. Of interest, many SM sources discuss cancer, specifically cutaneous melanoma and keratinocyte cancers (basal cell and squamous cell carcinoma).

Detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in wastewater from dormitory buildings in a university campus: comparison with individual testing results.

Wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) for monitoring COVID-19 has been largely used to detect the spread of the disease at the community level. From February to December 2022, we collected 24-h composite sewage samples from dormitory buildings in George Mason University (Fairfax, Virginia, USA) housing approximately 5,200 resident students. SARS-CoV-2 RNA extraction was achieved using an automated system based on magnetic nanoparticles.

The social vulnerability index as a risk stratification tool for health disparity research in cancer patients: a scoping review.

Purpose: The social vulnerability index (SVI), developed by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, is a novel composite measure encompassing multiple variables that correspond to key social determinants of health. The objective of this review was to investigate innovative applications of the SVI to oncology research and to employ the framework of the cancer care continuum to elucidate further research opportunities.

Methods: A systematic search for relevant articles was performed in five databases from inception to 13 May 2022.

Sensitivity and Specificity for Skin Cancer Diagnosis in Primary Care Providers: a Systematic Literature Review and Meta-analysis of Educational Interventions and Diagnostic Algorithms.

Background: In areas without convenient access to dermatology care, primary care providers (PCPs) serve as an important patient resource for early skin cancer detection. To determine the most effective strategy for skin cancer detection training in PCPs, we conducted a systematic review of educational interventions and performed a meta-analysis on sensitivity and specificity outcomes in PCPs.

Objectives: To summarize data on skin cancer sensitivity and specificity outcomes for PCP-targeted training programs and diagnostic algorithms.

Interventional Pain Management for the Pediatric Cancer Patient: A Literature Review.

This literature review examines the use of interventional treatments for pain management in pediatric cancer patients. While interventional procedures may be effective in cancer pain management, these procedures are infrequently employed in pediatric cohorts. This underutilization of interventional procedures may be supported by a deficit in randomized, controlled studies and literature regarding their role in pediatric cancer populations.

A systematic review and synthesis of qualitative and quantitative studies evaluating provider, patient, and health care system-related barriers to diagnostic skin cancer examinations.

Melanoma-screening examinations support early diagnosis, yet there is a national shortage of dermatologists and most at-risk patients lack access to dermatologic care. Primary care physicians (PCPs) in the United States often bridge these access gaps, and thus, play a critical role in the early detection of melanoma. However, most PCPs do not offer skin examinations.

COVID-19 observations and accompanying dataset of non-pharmaceutical interventions across U.S. universities, March 2020.

Background: The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) publishes COVID-19 non-pharmaceutical intervention (NPI) guidance for specific institutional audiences to limit community spread. Audiences include: business, clinical, public health, education, community, and state/local government. The swift, severe, and global nature of COVID-19 offers an opportunity to systematically obtain a national view of how larger institutions of higher education adopted NPI guidance at the onset of the pandemic.

Magmatic evolution of Panama Canal volcanic rocks: A record of arc processes and tectonic change.

Volcanic rocks along the Panama Canal present a world-class opportunity to examine the relationship between arc magmatism, tectonic forcing, wet and dry magmas, and volcanic structures. Major and trace element geochemistry of Canal volcanic rocks indicate a significant petrologic transition at 21-25 Ma. Oligocene Bas Obispo Fm.

Adeno-associated virus type 5 utilizes alternative translation initiation to encode a small Rep40-like protein.

Alternative splicing of adeno-associated virus type 2 (AAV2) P19-generated pre-mRNAs generates the small Rep proteins Rep52 and Rep40, which differ in their carboxyl termini. Both proteins are required for optimal packaging of AAV2 genomes. AAV5 Rep-encoding P19-generated transcripts are primarily polyadenylated within the central intron and not efficiently spliced; however, surprisingly, AAV5 was found to generate high levels of a Rep40-like protein.

Adeno-associated virus small rep proteins are modified with at least two types of polyubiquitination.

Adeno-associated virus (AAV) type 2 and 5 proteins Rep52 and Rep40 were polyubiquitinated during AAV-adenovirus type 5 (Ad5) coinfection and during transient transfection in either the presence or absence of Ad5 E4orf6 and E1b-55k. Polyubiquitination of small Rep proteins via lysine 48 (K48) linkages, normally associated with targeting of proteins for proteasomal degradation, was detected only in the presence of E4orf6. The small Rep proteins were ubiquitinated via lysine 63 (K63) following transfection in either the presence or absence of E4orf6 or following coinfection with Ad5.

Improved splicing of adeno-associated viral (AAV) capsid protein-supplying pre-mRNAs leads to increased recombinant AAV vector production.

Adeno-associated viral (AAV) capsid proteins, thought to be a rate-limiting step in the production of recombinant AAV (rAAV), are translated from spliced mRNAs. Improvement of the native AAV nonconsensus donor sequence increases splicing yet leaves the relative levels of VP1- and VP2/3-encoding mRNAs unchanged, and thus provides a means to increase delivery of correct ratios of AAV capsid proteins. This effect is independent of the AAV serotype used, and occurs whether the rep and cap genes supplied in trans are on the same or separate expression vectors.

E4Orf6-E1B-55k-dependent degradation of de novo-generated adeno-associated virus type 5 Rep52 and capsid proteins employs a cullin 5-containing E3 ligase complex.

Degradation of de novo-generated adeno-associated virus type 5 (AAV5) Rep52 and capsid proteins is part of the limited target specificity displayed by adenovirus type 5 E4Orf6-E1B-55k as part of a cullin 5-containing E3 ligase complex. Both Rep and capsid proteins can be found in the ligase complex, and their presence is dependent on interaction between E4Orf6 and elongins B and C. Degradation of AAV5 proteins can be inhibited by a dominant-negative ubiquitin that prevents chain elongation or by small interfering RNA directed against cullin 5.

Statewide simulation systems: the next step for anesthesiology?

Statewide simulation networks afford not only the possibility of meeting capacity needs for anesthesiologists, but also provide a venue for training trainers, setting standards, and bringing academic and nonacademic practices together. Furthermore, a statewide network that is appropriately designed opens the door to interdisciplinary activity. Oregon is the first state to implement simulation education across disciplines throughout the state.