Correlates of smoking among youth: the role of parents, friends, attitudes/beliefs, and demographics.

Background: Family engagement has been shown to play a crucial role in youth cigarette use prevention and uptake. We examine cross-sectional and longitudinal data to determine whether changes in parental monitoring factors influence changes in smoking susceptibility.

Methods: Two cross-sectional surveys of Florida youth (12-17 years) were conducted in 2009, with a follow-up survey in 2010.

Identifying misclassification in youth self-reported smoking status: testing different consent processes of biological sample collection to capture misclassification.

Introduction: In Florida, since 1998, identical survey items have been used to measure youth smoking status for the CDC sponsored state school-based survey and the tobacco control program evaluation telephone survey. The two surveys should parallel one another to track tobacco use. Tobacco items collected in the two surveys closely paralleled one another until recently.

Young adult former ever smokers: the role of type of smoker, quit attempts, quit aids, attitudes/beliefs, and demographics.

Objective: Young adults who smoke are often nondaily users who either quit or transition into dependent smokers. Further, this age group often has been considered an extension of the adult population. This study aims to examine young adult former ever smokers to understand factors associated with their stopping smoking.

Correlates of smoking among young adults: the role of lifestyle, attitudes/beliefs, demographics, and exposure to anti-tobacco media messaging.

Background: Young adults (18-24 years) have the highest smoking rate of any age group. Unlike youth/adult populations where there is one primary message targeting behavior, anti-tobacco campaigns targeting young adults should contain messages of prevention and cessation. The objective was to identify factors influencing young adult cigarette use, employing the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention logic model, with an emphasis on the role of lifestyle, tobacco use tolerance, and attitudes/beliefs.

Changes in youth cigarette use following the dismantling of an antitobacco media campaign in Florida.

We examined the association of the termination of a successful youth-targeted antitobacco media campaign ("truth") and changes in smoking rates among youths aged 12-17 years in Florida. Six telephone-based surveys were completed during the active media campaign (1998-2001), and 2 postcampaign surveys were completed in 2004 and 2006 (each n approximately 1,800). Prevalence of current smoking among youth observed during the campaign continued to decrease in the first postcampaign survey; however, by the second follow-up survey, youth smoking rates had increased significantly for youth aged 16 years or older.

Using classification trees to profile adolescent smoking behaviors.

The purpose of this study was to explore the interactive nature of various predictor variables in profiling adolescent smoking behaviors characterized by intention to smoke, current, situational, and established smoking using classification trees. The data (n = 3610) were obtained from cross-sectional telephone surveys of the Florida Anti-Tobacco Media Evaluation Program. Three classification trees were constructed, namely, intention versus no intention to smoke among non-smokers, current smokers versus non-smokers, and established versus situational smokers.

The outcome consequences of defunding the Minnesota youth tobacco-use prevention program.

Objective: To assess the immediate and intermediate outcome consequences of defunding a successful tobacco use prevention program.

Methods: A four-survey repeated cross-sectional design is employed. Two surveys were completed while the program was fully operational, one after program dismantling was initiated and another about 6 months after the campaign was completely dismantled.

Assessing the reliability and validity of anti-tobacco attitudes/beliefs in the context of a campaign strategy.

Objectives: To identify multi-item attitude/belief scales associated with the theoretical foundations of an anti-tobacco counter-marketing campaign and assess their reliability and validity.

Methods: The data analyzed are from two state-wide, random, cross-sectional telephone surveys [n(S1)=1,079, n(S2)=1,150]. Items forming attitude/belief scales are identified using factor analysis.

Evidence of the dose effects of an antitobacco counteradvertising campaign.

Objective: The objectives were to assess the cumulative effects of exposure to multiple antitobacco advertisements shown over a 22-month period on smoking uptake, and determine if there is evidence of a dose effect and how this effect operates through response to the campaign's major message theme and antitobacco attitudes.

Methods: A follow-up telephone survey of persons ages 12-20 years was conducted after 22 months of the Florida "truth" antitobacco media campaign. Logistic regression analyses were used to estimate adjusted odds ratios for the likelihood that time-one nonsmokers would remain nonsmokers at time two by levels of confirmed advertisement awareness, self-reported influence of the campaign's message theme, and anti-tobacco industry manipulation attitudes.