Genomics yields biological and phenotypic insights into bipolar disorder.

Bipolar disorder is a leading contributor to the global burden of disease. Despite high heritability (60-80%), the majority of the underlying genetic determinants remain unknown. We analysed data from participants of European, East Asian, African American and Latino ancestries (n = 158,036 cases with bipolar disorder, 2.

Development of a yeast-based sensor platform for evaluation of ligands recognized by the human free fatty acid 2 receptor.

Yeast-based sensors have shown great applicability for deorphanization of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) and screening of ligands targeting these. A GPCR of great interest is free fatty acid 2 receptor (FFA2R), for which short-chain fatty acids such as propionate and acetate are agonists. FFA2R regulates a wide array of downstream receptor signaling pathways in both adipose tissue and immune cells and has been recognized as a promising therapeutic target, having been implicated in several metabolic and inflammatory diseases.

Natural killer cell-mediated cytotoxicity shapes the clonal evolution of B cell leukaemia.

The term cancer immunoediting describes the dual role by which the immune system can suppress and promote tumour growth and is divided into three phases: elimination, equilibrium and escape. The role of NK cells has mainly been attributed to the elimination phase. Here we show that NK cells play a role in all three phases of cancer immunoediting.

Implementation and Baseline Evaluation of an Evidence-Based Group Antenatal Care Program in Two Nigerian States.

Northern Nigeria has had historically low antenatal care (ANC) utilization rates with poor health outcomes. Previous studies have shown that group antenatal care (gANC) improves ANC behavior and pregnancy outcomes. The gANC has been adopted in Kaduna and Kano States, Nigeria.

Survival, Growth, and Food Resources of Juvenile Sea Cucumbers (Echinodermata, Holothuroidea) in Co-Culture with Shellfish in Brittany (France).

We conducted experiments with various growing conditions, both at sea and indoors, to explore the growth potential of () Delle Chiaje, 1823 juveniles. Sea trials involved co-culture with European abalones (EA) or placement underneath European flat oysters (EO) or Pacific oysters (PO), using juveniles of 6-8 g initial weight. In sea-based conditions around summer (Apr-Sep), sea cucumbers grew best in EO at 0.

Neurobiological correlates of comorbidity in disorders across the affective disorders-psychosis spectrum.

Disorders across the affective disorders-psychosis spectrum such as major depressive disorder (MDD), bipolar disorder (BD), schizoaffective disorder (SCA), and schizophrenia (SCZ), have overlapping symptomatology and high comorbidity rates with other mental disorders. So far, however, it is largely unclear why some of the patients develop comorbidities. In particular, the specific genetic architecture of comorbidity and its relationship with brain structure remain poorly understood.

Evaluation of ploidy and the DNA index by flow cytometry in central nervous system tumors: a review.

Research on central nervous system tumors (CNSTs) has a significant impact on the diagnosis and prognosis of patients. Currently, CNSTs are classified according to the schema proposed by the World Health Organization (WHO), which considers clinical, histopathological, and molecular characteristics, highlighting the importance of tumor biology for accurate diagnosis and optimal treatment approaches. Despite these advances, assessing DNA ploidy-a marker of tumor aggressiveness-remains complex in CNSTs.

DGRPool, a web tool leveraging harmonized Genetic Reference Panel phenotyping data for the study of complex traits.

Genome-wide association studies have advanced our understanding of complex traits, but studying how a GWAS variant can affect a specific trait in the human population remains challenging due to environmental variability. is in this regard an excellent model organism for studying the relationship between genetic and phenotypic variation due to its simple handling, standardized growth conditions, low cost, and short lifespan. The Genetic Reference Panel (DGRP) in particular has been a valuable tool for studying complex traits, but proper harmonization and indexing of DGRP phenotyping data is necessary to fully capitalize on this resource.

Associations between antagonistic SNPs for neuropsychiatric disorders and human brain structure.

A previously published genome-wide association study (GWAS) meta-analysis across eight neuropsychiatric disorders identified antagonistic single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at eleven genomic loci where the same allele was protective against one neuropsychiatric disorder and increased the risk for another. Until now, these antagonistic SNPs have not been further investigated regarding their link to brain structural phenotypes. Here, we explored their associations with cortical surface area and cortical thickness (in 34 brain regions and one global measure each) as well as the volumes of eight subcortical structures using summary statistics of large-scale GWAS of brain structural phenotypes.

Medication improves velocity, reaction time, and movement time but not amplitude or error during memory-guided reaching in Parkinson's disease.

The motor impairments experienced by people with Parkinson's disease (PD) are exacerbated during memory-guided movements. Despite this, the effect of antiparkinson medication on memory-guided movements has not been elucidated. We evaluated the effect of antiparkinson medication on motor control during a memory-guided reaching task with short and long retention delays in participants with PD and compared performance to age-matched healthy control (HC) participants.

Workload and spirometry associated with untethered swimming in horses.

Background: Swimming has been used empirically for rehabilitation and conditioning of horses. However, due to challenges imposed by recording physiological parameters in water, the intensity of free swimming effort is unknown.

Objectives: Measure the physiological workload associated with untethered swimming in horses.

Evaluation and comparison of colorimetric outputs for yeast-based biosensors in laboratory and point-of-use settings.

Recent research has shown the potential of yeast-based biosensors (YBBs) for point-of-use detection of pathogens and target molecules in saliva, blood, and urine samples. The choice of output can greatly affect the sensitivity, dynamic range, detection time, and ease-of-use of a sensor. For visual detection without the need for additional reagents or machinery, colorimetric outputs have shown great potential.

Mixed Metal Oxide W-TiO Nanopowder for Environmental Process: Synergy of Adsorption and Photocatalysis.

A mixed metal oxide W-TiO nanopowder photocatalyst was prepared by using the sol-gel method with a broad range of elemental compositions x = C/(C + C), including TiO and WO. The material was structurally characterized and evaluated in adsorption and photocatalytic processes by testing its removal capacity of a representative pollutant methylene blue (MB) in aqueous solutions and under UV-A and sunlight illuminations. The nanopowders appeared to be more effective adsorbents than pure TiO and WO materials, showing a maximum at 15 mol% W, which was set as the tungsten solubility limit in anatase titania.

The interplay between polygenic score for tumor necrosis factor-α, brain structural connectivity, and processing speed in major depression.

Reduced processing speed is a core deficit in major depressive disorder (MDD) and has been linked to altered structural brain network connectivity. Ample evidence highlights the involvement of genetic-immunological processes in MDD and specific depressive symptoms. Here, we extended these findings by examining associations between polygenic scores for tumor necrosis factor-α blood levels (TNF-α PGS), structural brain connectivity, and processing speed in a large sample of MDD patients.

Benefits of subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation on visually-guided saccades depend on stimulation side and classic paradigm in Parkinson's disease.

Objective: We aimed to gain further insight into previously reported beneficial effects of subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation (STN-DBS) on visually-guided saccades by examining the effects of unilateral compared to bilateral stimulation, paradigm, and target eccentricity on saccades in individuals with Parkinson's disease (PD).

Methods: Eleven participants with PD and STN-DBS completed the visually-guided saccade paradigms with OFF, RIGHT, LEFT, and BOTH stimulation. Rightward saccade performance was evaluated for three paradigms and two target eccentricities.

Mitochondrial Ribosomal Protein MRPS15 Is a Component of Cytosolic Ribosomes and Regulates Translation in Stressed Cardiomyocytes.

Regulation of mRNA translation is a crucial step in controlling gene expression in stressed cells, impacting many pathologies, including heart ischemia. In recent years, ribosome heterogeneity has emerged as a key control mechanism driving the translation of subsets of mRNAs. In this study, we investigated variations in ribosome composition in human cardiomyocytes subjected to endoplasmic reticulum stress induced by tunicamycin treatment.

Fast-track anesthesia and outcomes in hepatopancreatic cancer surgery: a retrospective analysis.

Aim: To assess the feasibility of a fast-track anesthesia protocol for hepatopancreatobiliary cancer surgery.

Methods: Retrospective analysis of consecutive sample of patients who underwent hepatopancreatic surgery for cancer for a period of 12 months in a high volume cancer center. Blended anesthesia was performed for most patients who were then observed in a recovery room area until achieving a safety score.

White and gray matter alterations in bipolar I and bipolar II disorder subtypes compared with healthy controls - exploring associations with disease course and polygenic risk.

Patients with bipolar disorder (BD) show alterations in both gray matter volume (GMV) and white matter (WM) integrity compared with healthy controls (HC). However, it remains unclear whether the phenotypically distinct BD subtypes (BD-I and BD-II) also exhibit brain structural differences. This study investigated GMV and WM differences between HC, BD-I, and BD-II, along with clinical and genetic associations.

One-stage surgical case management of a two-year-old Arabian horse affected by male-pseudo hermaphroditism.

A two-year-old Arabian horse presented for abnormal external genitalia and dangerous stallion-like behavior was diagnosed with disorder of sexual development (DSD), also known as intersex/hermaphroditism. Standing 1-stage surgical procedure performed under sedation, and local anesthesia to concurrently eliminate stallion-like behavior, risk of neoplastic transformation of intraabdominal gonads, and to replace ambiguous external genital with a functional, and cosmetically more acceptable anatomy. Step-1) Laparoscopic abdominal exploration and gonadectomy; Step-2) Rudimentary penis resection and perineal urethrostomy.