The insulin resistant subphenotype of polycystic ovary syndrome: clinical parameters and pathogenesis.

Objective: This study was undertaken to compare clinical and biochemical characteristics of the insulin resistant (IR) and non-IR subphenotypes of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).

Study Design: Infertile PCOS women were classified as IR (n=32) or non-IR (n=46) on the basis of fasting glucose and insulin levels. The incidence of acanthosis nigricans (AN), hirsutism, and ovulation in response to clomiphene citrate (CC) was compared between the 2 groups, along with serum levels of gonadotropins, and sex steroids.

Accelerated endometrial maturation in the luteal phase of cycles utilizing controlled ovarian hyperstimulation: impact of gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists versus antagonists.

Objective: To evaluate the endometrium obtained during the luteal phase of controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH) cycles utilizing gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonists, and to compare these findings with those obtained in cycles utilizing a GnRH agonist and with artificial cycles among recipients.

Design: Prospective evaluation of oocyte donors.

Setting: University-based in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.

Treatment-associated serum FSH levels in very poor responders to ovarian stimulation.

Purpose: To compare treatment-associated follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) response in patients undergoing controlled ovarian hyperstimulation with either microdose flare (MDF) leuprolide acetate or clomiphene citrate and human menopausal gonadotropin (CC/hMG).

Methods: Thirteen patients who were deemed poor responders underwent stimulation with one of two poor responder stimulation protocols (MDF group: n = 8; CC/hMG group: n = 5). Serum FSH, estrone (E1), estrone sulfate (E1S), and estradiol (E2) levels were measured at baseline, day 5 of medication, and on day of hCG administration.

The proto-oncogene c-kit is expressed in leiomyosarcomas of the uterus.

Objective: The proto-oncogene c-kit encodes for a 145-kDa transmembrane tyrosine kinase receptor. Interaction with its ligand, stem cell factor, is essential in the development of hematopoietic stem cells, mast cells, gametocytes, melanocytes, and interstitial cells of Cajal. C-kit expression has been identified in a number of different neoplasms that includes mastocytosis/mast cell leukemia, acute myeloblastic leukemia, seminoma/dysgerminoma, and gastrointestinal stromal tumors.

Pregnancy in the sixth decade of life: obstetric outcomes in women of advanced reproductive age.

Context: As a result of oocyte donation, women in their sixth decade of life are now able to conceive and carry pregnancies to term. However, little is known about pregnancy outcomes in this population.

Objective: To describe pregnancy outcomes in women aged 50 years or older who conceived after in vitro fertilization with donor oocytes.

Human chorionic gonadotropin suppresses ovarian epithelial neoplastic cell proliferation in vitro.

Objective: To quantify the in vitro effects of gonadotropins on benign, borderline, and malignant ovarian cell lines.

Design: In vitro cell culture.

Setting: Research laboratory.