Publications by authors named "David E Cohn"
Article Synopsis
- Endometrial cancer (EC) is the most common gynecological cancer in the U.S., with obesity contributing to 57% of cases, emphasizing the need to study its molecular mechanisms in relation to obesity.
- The research found that obese EC patients had higher levels of extracellular vesicles (EVs) carrying oncogenic proteins, which are linked to increased cancer growth, inflammation, and changes in protein expression in both adipose and uterine tissues.
- Treatments with small molecule inhibitors like HO-3867 and Metformin were effective in reducing EV secretion, slowing cancer cell proliferation, and inhibiting the early stages of cancer development in high-fat diet-induced models.
Article Synopsis
- This study investigates microRNAs (miRNAs) and their modified versions called isomiRs, focusing on their role in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and non-cancerous lung tissues.
- The researchers identified various types of isomiRs, noting significant differences in their expression between LUAD and non-malignant samples, particularly in A-to-I editing and adenylation rates.
- The findings suggest that isomiRs could serve as potential biomarkers for lung cancer, as machine learning models showed high accuracy in distinguishing between cancerous and non-cancerous tissues based on isomiR data.
The interferon stimulated gene 15 (ISG15), a ubiquitin like protein and its conjugates have been implicated in various human malignancies. However, its role in ovarian cancer progression and metastasis is largely unknown. In high grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC), ascites is the major contributor to peritoneal metastasis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInflammatory alopecia is an increasingly reported side effect of targeted cancer therapies. Here we report one case of inflammatory alopecia secondary to mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK) inhibitor agent Trametinib in a woman with ovarian cancer. Biopsies of the scalp were consistent with early scarring alopecia compatible with drug-induced alopecia.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThis article has been retracted: please see Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal (https://www.elsevier.com/about/policies/article-withdrawal).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- Leadership training is not focused on enough in regular medical schools.
- A good leadership program needs to be flexible and everyone must really want to take part.
- By learning in class, thinking about ourselves, and seeing real-life situations, we can help create great leaders in gynecologic oncology.
Purpose: We examined associations between patient and treatment characteristics with longitudinally collected patient-reported outcome (PRO) measures to provide a data-informed description of the experiences of women undergoing treatment for endometrial cancer.
Methods: We administered National Institutes of Health Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) questionnaires at the preoperative visit and at 6 and 12 months after surgery. Anxiety, depression, fatigue, sleep disturbance, pain, physical function, and ability to participate in social roles were assessed.
Article Synopsis
- The study looked at how well different combinations of drugs work for treating a type of ovarian cancer that comes back after treatment.
- Researchers compared patients who received a specific drug combination called carboplatin and pegylated liposomal doxorubicin with those who got other drug combinations before they started maintenance therapy with a drug called PARP inhibitor.
- The results showed that, although there were some differences in how long patients stayed cancer-free, the overall survival times were not significantly different, meaning more research is needed to understand which drug combination is better.
Article Synopsis
- The study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a deep learning model for automatically segmenting pelvic/ovarian and omental lesions in high-grade serous ovarian cancer on CT scans.
- Using 451 CT scans for training, evaluation, and testing, the model was compared against existing methods and trainee radiologist segmentations.
- Results indicated that the deep learning model significantly outperformed the standard method for pelvic/ovarian lesions and performed comparably to a trainee radiologist, suggesting that automated segmentation is a viable tool in clinical settings.
The growth and metastasis of solid tumours is known to be facilitated by the tumour microenvironment (TME), which is composed of a highly diverse collection of cell types that interact and communicate with one another extensively. Many of these interactions involve the immune cell population within the TME, referred to as the tumour immune microenvironment (TIME). These non-cell autonomous interactions exert substantial influence over cell behaviour and contribute to the reprogramming of immune and stromal cells into numerous pro-tumourigenic phenotypes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: Endometrial cancer stage is a strong prognostic factor; however, the current stage classification does not incorporate transtubal spread as determined by intraluminal tumor cells (ILTCs). We examined relationships between ILTCs and survival outcomes according to histological subtype and stage and examined whether identification of ILTCs improves prognostic accuracy of endometrial cancer staging.
Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of women diagnosed with endometrial cancer at five academic hospitals between 2007 and 2012.
Background: Mismatch-repair (MMR)/microsatellite instability (MSI) status has therapeutic implications in endometrial cancer (EC). The authors evaluated the concordance of testing and factors contributing to MMR expression heterogeneity.
Methods: Six hundred sixty-six ECs were characterized using immunohistochemistry (IHC), MSI testing, and mut-L homolog 1 (MLH1) methylation.
Article Synopsis
- The study looked at how using antibiotics (ABX) and proton-pump inhibitors (PPI) affects the health of patients with endometrial cancer who got special chemotherapy.
- They found that using PPIs made patients live less time without cancer getting worse and also affected their overall survival negatively.
- The researchers believe they need to learn more about how these medicines interact with chemotherapy and the body's bacteria to help improve treatment for cancer patients.
Objective: To determine the prevalence of Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) diagnoses during the peri-operative and survivorship periods in patients following surgical management of endometrial cancer (EC).
Methods: An IRB-approved, retrospective single-institution cohort study was performed in patients who underwent surgical management of EC from 2014 to 2020. The perioperative period was defined as the 30 days before and after surgery.
Objective: To determine the safety and feasibility of same-day discharge (SDD) following minimally invasive hysterectomy (MIH) for elderly patients and to evaluate associations between age, frailty, and postoperative outcomes.
Methods: Retrospective review was conducted of patients aged ≥ 70 who underwent MIH within a single gynecologic oncology institution from 2018 to 2020. Demographics, -operative factors, postoperative complications, and 30-day readmission rates were collected.
Objective: To determine the effects of using National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) guidelines to estimate renal function on carboplatin dosing and explore adverse effects associated with a more accurate estimation of lower creatinine clearance (CrCl).
Methods: Retrospective data were obtained for 3830 of 4312 patients treated on GOG182 (NCT00011986)-a phase III trial of platinum-based chemotherapy for advanced-stage ovarian cancer. Carboplatin dose per patient on GOG182 was determined using the Jelliffe formula.
Introduction: Ovarian cancer (OC) is the deadliest gynecologic malignancy, with an overall 5-year survival rate of less than 30%. The existing paradigm for OC detection involves a serum marker, CA125, and ultrasound examination, neither of which is sufficiently specific for OC. This study addresses this deficiency through the use of a targeted ultrasound microbubble directed against tissue factor (TF).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: To assess the effect of age on overall survival (OS) in women with ovarian cancer receiving chemotherapy. Secondary objectives were to describe the effect of age on treatment compliance, toxicities, progression free survival (PFS), time from surgery to chemotherapy, and rates of optimal cytoreduction.
Methods: Women enrolled in GOG 0182-ICON5 with stage III or IV epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) who underwent surgery and chemotherapy between 2001 and 2004 were included.
Purpose: We sought to evaluate the contribution of mismatch repair (MMR) status to traditional risk stratification algorithms used to predict nodal involvement and recurrence in a large single-institution cohort.
Methods: Endometrioid endometrial cancer (EC) cases from 2014-2020 were evaluated. MMR immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed universally.
Article Synopsis
- The study looked at early-stage ovarian cancer patients to see how often their cancer comes back and how long they survive based on a specific deficiency called HRD.
- Out of 89 patients, 22% had HRD, and they had a much higher chance of their cancer returning compared to those without HRD.
- Even after treatment, the HRD group had lower survival rates, showing that their cancer was more likely to come back sooner than in other patients.