Interobserver and intraobserver reliability of the measurement of shoulder internal rotation by vertebral level.

Internal rotation is commonly measured as the vertebral level reached by the fully extended thumb. The purpose of this study was to evaluate interobserver and intraobserver reliability with the use of this method. Three male subjects were used for internal rotation measurement.

Synovial response to intra-articular metal debris: Implications for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.

Purpose: Intra-articular metal debris is occasionally seen after completion of an endoscopic anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. The purpose of this study was to examine the tissue response to intra-articular stainless steel metal debris in order to better understand its role in the inflammatory process.

Type Of Study: Animal case control study.

Results of medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction in the treatment of patellar dislocation.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to describe the technique of medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction using autogenous hamstrings or autogenous fascia lata and report the results at a minimum 2-year follow-up. Type of Study: This study represents a case series. Patients with patellofemoral instability following patellar dislocation were restrospectively reviewed after being treated with medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction.