Complications and Cost in Open Versus Endoscopic Lumbar Decompression: A Database Study.

Study Design: A retrospective database study.

Objective: To compare complications and costs associated with endoscopic and open lumbar decompression on a large scale.

Background: Though open lumbar decompression is considered the gold standard, endoscopic procedures are on the rise.

Growth performance of neonatal Holstein heifers fed acidified waste milk containing essential oil blend and encapsulated butyrate alone or in combination.

Previous research demonstrated the growth promoting benefits of an essential oil/oligosaccharide blend (EO; Stay Strong, Ralco, Inc.) or an encapsulated sodium butyrate (C4; Ultramix GF, Adisseo, Inc.) fed to neonatal calves.

Choice white grease used for manufacturing a protein encapsulated fat blend source for neonatal calves.

Protein encapsulated fat (PEF) blends are routinely used for manufacturing calf milk replacers (MR). The use of PEF blends improves fat mixability to ensure MR when mixed and fed as a homogenous solution for neonatal calves. A new alternative PEF based on choice white grease (CWG) has been developed to improve its mixability and solubility to ensure a homogenous MR solution.

Feeding limestone buffer to limit-fed dairy steers fed a high inclusion rate of distiller grains.

The study objective was to evaluate dietary limestone buffer inclusion rates for impacting nutrient digestibility and excretion when growing dairy cattle are fed high distiller grains with solubles (DDGS) limit-fed ration. The hypothesis was that feeding more limestone buffer would offset a low rumen pH when feeding a high DDGS inclusion rate. Five ruminally cannulated Holstein and Brown Swiss steers were used in a crossover design having 2-wk periods to evaluate high and low buffer inclusion rates when limit-fed.

Geographical and Specialty-specific Variation in the Utilization of Laminoplasty for Cervical Myelopathy.

Study Design: Level IV retrospective cohort study.

Objectives: Despite the positive outcomes associated with laminoplasty, there is significant surgeon variability in the use of laminoplasty for cervical myelopathy in the United States. In this study, we explored how geographic and specialty-specific differences may influence the utilization of laminoplasty to treat cervical myelopathy.

Male Holstein calves fed a milk replacer and pelleted calf starter containing a botanical extract or a direct-fed microbial alone or in combination.

Botanical extracts (BE; Apex, Adisseo North America, Atlanta, GA) are known to enhance DMI and gut health, whereas direct-fed microbials (DFM), such as a Lactobacillus acidophilus fermentation product (EX: Excel; Pacer Technology Inc., Murtaugh, ID), have demonstrated improved gut health and growth performance when fed to growing neonatal Holstein calves. The hypothesis was this combination may be synergistic to neonatal calf growth performance and intestinal health.

Milk replacer galacto-oligosaccharide inclusion rates for neonatal calves.

Galacto-oligosaccharide (GOS) is a prebiotic isolated from whey. This study evaluated the optimal inclusion rate for improving the growth and health performance of neonatal calves. Eighty-eight 2 to 5-d old Holstein bull calves were blocked by initial BW and randomly allocated to 1 of 4 treatments using a randomized complete block design.

First Measurement of ν_{e} and ν_{μ} Interaction Cross Sections at the LHC with FASER's Emulsion Detector.

The first results of the study of high-energy electron neutrino (ν_{e}) and muon neutrino (ν_{μ}) charged-current interactions in the FASERν emulsion-tungsten detector of the FASER experiment at the LHC are presented. A 128.8 kg subset of the FASERν volume was analyzed after exposure to 9.

Holstein calves fed a milk replacer with a direct-fed microbial and a starter containing a botanical extract or a direct-fed microbial alone or in combination.

Botanical extracts (BE; Apex, Adisseo) have demonstrated enhanced DMI and improved gut health, whereas direct-fed microbials (DFM), such as Lactobacillus acidophilus fermentation product (Excell [EX], Pacer Technology Inc.), have demonstrated improved gut health and growth performance of growing Holstein calves. The hypothesis was this combination may be synergistic to neonatal calf growth performance and intestinal health.

Does Anterior Cervical Spine Surgery Increase the Likelihood of Developing Obstructive Sleep Apnea? A Pearldiver Study.

Objectives: Literature is sparse on the development of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) after anterior cervical spine surgery and includes few case reports. Our objective is to evaluate the role of anterior cervical spine surgery as a risk factor for developing OSA.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study was performed utilizing the M157 subset of the PearlDiver national database.

Comparison of growth performance and tissue cobalt concentrations in beef cattle fed inorganic and organic cobalt sources.

Cobalt is an essential trace mineral required for ruminal vitamin B synthesis, but sources differ in ruminal microbial utilization, i.e., cobalt carbonate is poorly water soluble, whereas acetate and lactate forms are water soluble.

Effects of Essential Oil and/or Encapsulated Butyrate on Fecal Microflora in Neonatal Holstein Calves.

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of feeding oregano essential oil, butyrate, and its mixture on the intestinal microbial diversity of calves. A completely randomized experimental design was used. Sixty-four healthy neonatal Holstein female calves with birth weight ≥ 35 kg were randomly divided into one control and three treatments (16 calves per group).

First Direct Observation of Collider Neutrinos with FASER at the LHC.

We report the first direct observation of neutrino interactions at a particle collider experiment. Neutrino candidate events are identified in a 13.6 TeV center-of-mass energy pp collision dataset of 35.

Mindfulness Applications: Can They Serve as a Stress, Anxiety, and Burnout Reduction Tool in Orthopaedic Surgery Training? A Randomized Control Trial.

Unlabelled: Stress and burnout are prevalent within the orthopaedic surgery community. Mindfulness techniques have been shown to improve wellness, yet traditional courses are generally time-intensive with low surgeon utilization. We sought to determine whether the introduction of a simple mindfulness-based phone application would help decrease stress, anxiety, and burnout in orthopaedic surgery residents.

Crossing the cervicothoracic junction: an evaluation of radiographic alignment, functional outcomes, and patient-reported outcomes.

Objective: There is currently no consensus regarding the appropriate lower instrumented vertebra (LIV) for multilevel posterior cervical fusion (PCF) constructs between C7 and crossing the cervicothoracic junction (CTJ). The goal of the present study was to compare postoperative sagittal alignment and functional outcomes among adult patients presenting with cervical myelopathy undergoing multilevel PCF terminating at C7 versus spanning the CTJ.

Methods: A single-institution retrospective analysis (January 2017-December 2018) was performed of patients undergoing multilevel PCF for cervical myelopathy that involved the C6-7 vertebrae.

Should patients with lumbar stenosis and grade I spondylolisthesis be treated differently based on spinopelvic alignment? A retrospective, two-year, propensity matched, comparison of patient-reported outcome measures and clinical outcomes from multiple sites within a single health system.

Background: Degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis is one of the most common pathologies addressed by surgeons. Recently, data demonstrated improved outcomes with fusion in conjunction with laminectomy compared to laminectomy alone. However, given not all degenerative spondylolistheses are clinically comparable, the best treatment option may depend on multiple parameters.

The female to male calf sex ratio is associated with the number of services to achieve a calf and parity of lactating dairy cows.

Commercial dairy producers may get frustrated by the lower ratio of female to male calves born because female calves are more valuable than bull calves. Our objective was to determine if parity or stage of lactation at the time of breeding, using conventional semen, influenced the sex of the calf. Data from the University of Illinois and the University of New Hampshire dairy herds were collected and summarized for calf sex, the number of services to achieve a calf and the lactation number when conception of that calf occurred.

Racial Differences in Patients Undergoing Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion: A Multi-Site Study.

Study Design: This was a retrospective chart review.

Objective: The objective of this study was to examine disparities within patients undergoing anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) at a multi-site tertiary referral center with specific focus on factors related to length of stay (LOS).

Summary Of Background Data: There are previously described racial disparities in spinal surgery outcomes and quality metrics.

The Impact of Social Determinants of Health on 30 and 90-Day Readmission Rates After Spine Surgery.

Background: Since its 2012 inception, the U.S. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services Hospital Readmissions Reduction Program (HRRP) has espoused cost-effective health-care delivery by financially penalizing hospitals with excessive 30-day readmission rates.

Racial and Social Determinants of Health Disparities in Spine Surgery Affect Preoperative Morbidity and Postoperative Patient Reported Outcomes: Retrospective Observational Study.

Study Design: Retrospective observational study.

Objective: To elucidate racial and socioeconomic factors driving preoperative disparities in spine surgery patients.

Summary Of Background Data: There are racial and socioeconomic disparities in preoperative health among spine surgery patients, which may influence outcomes for minority and low socioeconomic status (SES) populations.

Postoperative Prescription of Low-dose Narcotics Yields Equivalent Pain Outcomes Compared to High-dose Narcotics in Opioid-naïve Patients Undergoing Spine Surgery.

Study Design: Retrospective cohort study at a single institution. Patients undergoing specific, elective spinal procedures between 2012 and 2018.

Objective: The aim of thi stsudy was to investigate the relationship between opioid prescriptions during the immediate, post-discharge period, and patient-reported pain outcomes.