Mitochondrial dysfunction in iPSC-derived neurons of subjects with chronic mountain sickness.

Patients with chronic mountain sickness (CMS) suffer from hypoxemia, erythrocytosis, and numerous neurologic deficits. Here we used induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived neurons from both CMS and non-CMS subjects to study CMS neuropathology. Using transmission electron microscopy, we report that CMS neurons have a decreased mitochondrial volume density, length, and less cristae membrane surface area.

Reference values for oxygen saturation from sea level to the highest human habitation in the Andes in acclimatised persons.

Oxygen saturation, measured by pulse oximetry (SpO), is a vital clinical measure. Our descriptive, cross-sectional study describes SpO measurements from 6289 healthy subjects from age 1 to 80 years at 15 locations from sea level up to the highest permanent human habitation. Oxygen saturation measurements are illustrated as percentiles.

Acetazolamide and N-acetylcysteine in the treatment of chronic mountain sickness (Monge's disease).

Patients suffering from chronic mountain sickness (CMS) have excessive erythrocytosis. Low -level cobalt toxicity as a likely contributor has been demonstrated in some subjects. We performed a randomized, placebo controlled clinical trial in Cerro de Pasco, Peru (4380m), where 84 participants with a hematocrit (HCT) ≥65% and CMS score>6, were assigned to four treatment groups of placebo, acetazolamide (ACZ, which stimulates respiration), N-acetylcysteine (NAC, an antioxidant that chelates cobalt) and combination of ACZ and NAC for 6 weeks.

SENP1, but not fetal hemoglobin, differentiates Andean highlanders with chronic mountain sickness from healthy individuals among Andean highlanders.

Chronic mountain sickness (CMS) results from chronic hypoxia. It is unclear why certain highlanders develop CMS. We hypothesized that modest increases in fetal hemoglobin (HbF) are associated with lower CMS severity.

Giant insulinoma: a report of 3 cases and review of the literature.

Insulinoma is a rare pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor that is usually described as benign, sporadic, and very small (<2 cm). However, there have been rare case reports of insulinoma presenting as a giant tumor. We describe 3 cases of giant insulinomas, all of which developed liver metastases.

[Impact of duodenopancreatectomy in elder patients].

Unlabelled: The incidence of periampullary neoplasms substantially increases with age. If we take into account that this incidence is higher in the elder patient and that life expectancy is nowadays longer, questioning surgical approach in this group of patients turns out to be controversial.

Objective: [corrected] Asses if in the elder patients the duodenopancreatectomy has a higher mortality and complications.

Medication possession ratio predicts antiretroviral regimens persistence in Peru.

Objectives: In developing nations, the use of operational parameters (OPs) in the prediction of clinical care represents a missed opportunity to enhance the care process. We modeled the impact of multiple measurements of antiretroviral treatment (ART) adherence on antiretroviral treatment outcomes in Peru.

Design And Methods: Retrospective cohort study including ART naïve, non-pregnant, adults initiating therapy at Hospital Nacional Cayetano Heredia, Lima-Peru (2006-2010).

Whole-genome sequencing uncovers the genetic basis of chronic mountain sickness in Andean highlanders.

The hypoxic conditions at high altitudes present a challenge for survival, causing pressure for adaptation. Interestingly, many high-altitude denizens (particularly in the Andes) are maladapted, with a condition known as chronic mountain sickness (CMS) or Monge disease. To decode the genetic basis of this disease, we sequenced and compared the whole genomes of 20 Andean subjects (10 with CMS and 10 without).

Changes in tuberculin skin test positivity over 20 years in periurban shantytowns in Lima, Peru.

A cross-sectional, community-based study was performed in 2012 with 428 residents of periurban shantytowns in Lima, Peru to study risk factors for and changes in latent tuberculosis infection in age-stratified groups compared with our data from the same region in 1990 (N = 219) and 2005 (N = 103). Tuberculin skin test positivity in these communities was highly prevalent at 52% overall, increased with age (P < 0.01) and was similar to 2005 (53%) and 1990 (48%).

[Factors associated to complications of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography in a third-level hospital].

Unlabelled: Endoscopic treatment of the bile duct diseases is possible thanks to the ERCP (endoscopic retrograde cholangio pancreatography), nevertheless, it is not free of complications.

Objectives: To describe the characteristics and indications of the ERCP and determine the factors associated to the development of complications after performing the procedure.

Materials And Methods: An observational retrospective study was done in the Gastroenterology Department of the Hospital Guillermo Almenara Irigoyen in Lima, Peru, from March 2002 to June 2005.

[Cytotoxic effect of physalis peruviana in cell culture of colorectal and prostate cancer and chronic myeloid leukemia].

Introduction: The plants have been used as drugs for centuries. However, limited research has been done on its great potential as sources of new therapeutic agents. The purpose of this study was to evaluate Physalis peruviana cytotoxic activity on cell lines HT-29, PC-3, K-562 and VERO.

Primary squamous cell carcinoma of the stomach with paraneoplastic leukocytosis: a case report and review of literature.

Apparently pure, primary squamous cell carcinoma of the stomach is exceedingly rare. To date, less than 100 cases have been reported. Here, we describe a case of primary squamous cell carcinoma arising in the gastric antrum of an 83-year-old man with persistent leukocytosis, which resolved on resection of the tumor.